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SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity amongst healthcare workers in South Africa during the Omicron wave: natural infection versus vaccination.
J Clin Pathol
January 2025
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
Aims: Concerns over population-level immunity have been heightened with each successive wave of COVID-19, prompting questions about whether it is primarily derived from vaccination efforts or from previous natural infections with the virus. We wished to determine the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Pretoria (Tshwane), South Africa, and to establish whether they were derived from vaccination or natural infection.
Methods: Serum samples were collected from HCWs during the fourth wave of COVID-19 between 1 December 2021 and 13 March 2022.
Maternal exposure to nicotine causes oxidative stress and inflammatory changes in the ovaries of adult rats' offspring.
Reprod Toxicol
January 2025
Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetic, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address:
Nicotine is one of the most toxic substances found in cigarettes, but also found in chewing tobacco gum, patches and vaping products (electronic cigarettes). In addition to being a highly addictive chemical, it is capable of reducing fertility in men and women. In the ovaries, it can induce morphological changes and impair the formation of follicles, being a possible cause of changes in the reproductive cycle and anticipation of menopause in women whose mothers smoked during pregnancy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe actin cytoskeleton regulates danger-associated molecular pattern signaling and PEP1 RECEPTOR1 internalization.
Plant Physiol
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
In plants, cytoskeletal proteins assemble into dynamic polymers that play numerous roles in diverse fundamental cellular processes, including endocytosis, vesicle trafficking, and the spatial distribution of organelles and protein complexes. Plant elicitor peptides (Peps) are damage/danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that are perceived by the receptor-like kinases PEP RECEPTOR 1 (PEPR1) and PEPR2 to enhance innate immunity and inhibit root growth in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). To date, however, there is little evidence that the actin cytoskeleton of the host cell participates in DAMP-induced innate immunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral Opportunistic Infection Induced by Stress and Silent Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Young Adult Patient: A Case Report.
Int Med Case Rep J
January 2025
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
Introduction: Opportunistic infections (IO) are infections of microbiota (fungi, viruses, bacteria, or parasites) that generally do not cause disease but turn into pathogens when the body's defense system is compromised. This can be triggered by various factors, one of which is due to a weakened immune system due to Diabetes Mellitus (DM), which increases the occurrence of opportunistic infections, especially in the oral cavity. Fungal (oral candidiasis) and viral (recurrent intraoral herpes) infections can occur in the oral cavity of DM patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmune checkpoint inhibitor-related diabetes mellitus associated with high signal intensity in diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the pancreas at an early clinical stage.
Hormones (Athens)
January 2025
Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment but can give rise to immune-related adverse events such as ICI-related diabetes mellitus (DM).
Case Presentation: We herein present the case of a 59-year-old Japanese man with malignant melanoma who developed ICI-related DM after 18 months of nivolumab treatment. He experienced marked hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis without a personal or family history of diabetes.
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