The current views of the ciliary function of the respiratory epithelium are presented. Mucociliary transport in the nose, maxillary atrium, frontal sinus, middle ear and the eustachian tube are discussed.
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Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Trial to Assess Efficacy and Safety of ELOM-080 in Outpatients with COVID-19.
Adv Ther
January 2025
General Medical Practice, Munich, Germany.
Introduction: Incidences of infections with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are still high and treatment guidelines lack specific recommendations for outpatients with Coronavirus-induced disease 2019 (COVID-19). Phytomedicine ELOM-080, an enhancer of mucociliary clearance (MCC), showed benefits as add-on therapy in hospitalised COVID-19 patients.
Methods: This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept study investigated whether outpatients with mild to moderate acute symptomatic COVID-19 would benefit from a 14-day treatment with ELOM-080 with regard to potential early treatment effects on cough and further typical COVID-19 symptoms.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD, OMIM 244400) is a rare genetic disorder that affects motile cilia and is characterised by impaired mucociliary clearance of the airway epithelium, which results in chronic upper and lower airway infections. While short-read next-generation sequencing technology has been used for the genetic testing of PCD, its effectiveness is limited in identifying variants in the gene because of the nearly identical pseudogene As we confirmed that the gene was not expressed in airway cells, we obtained nasal mucosa biopsy specimens for total RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) with library enrichment using exome oligos. Among the 34 nasal samples from patients suspected of having PCD, three aberrant splicing patterns in were identified in two samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe (re)emergence of aerosol delivery: Treatment of pulmonary diseases and its clinical challenges.
J Control Release
January 2025
Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200, Brest, France; CHU de Brest, Service de Génétique Médicale et de Biologie de la Reproduction, F-29200 Brest, France. Electronic address:
Aerosol delivery represents a rapid and non-invasive way to directly reach the lungs while escaping the hepatic first-pass effect. The development of pulmonary drugs for respiratory diseases such as cystic fibrosis, lung infections, pulmonary fibrosis or lung cancer requires an enhanced understanding of the relationships between the natural physiology of the respiratory system and the pathophysiology of these conditions. This knowledge is crucial to better predict and thereby control drug deposition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInhalable Mucociliary-On-Chip System Revealing Pulmonary Clearance Dynamics in Nanodrug Delivery.
ACS Nano
January 2025
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
The development of a inhaled nanodrug delivery assessment platform is crucial for advancing treatments for chronic lung diseases. Traditional in vitro models and commercial aerosol systems fail to accurately simulate the complex human respiratory patterns and mucosal barriers. To address this, we have developed the breathing mucociliary-on-a-chip (BMC) platform, which replicates mucociliary clearance and respiratory dynamics in vitro.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomedicines for Pulmonary Drug Delivery: Overcoming Barriers in the Treatment of Respiratory Infections and Lung Cancer.
Pharmaceutics
December 2024
Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
The pulmonary route for drug administration has garnered a great deal of attention in therapeutics for treating respiratory disorders. It allows for the delivery of drugs directly to the lungs and, consequently, the maintenance of high concentrations at the action site and a reduction in systemic adverse effects compared to other routes, such as oral or intravenous. Nevertheless, the pulmonary administration of drugs is challenging, as the respiratory system tries to eliminate inhaled particles, being the main responsible mucociliary escalator.
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