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Impact of emergency financial support program on testing demand, SARS-CoV-2 prevalence, and social isolation during COVID-19 outbreak in Brazil: a quasi-experimental study.
BMC Public Health
December 2024
Collective Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
Background: Programs offering financial support have been established to mitigate the economic fallout and vulnerabilities arising from the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, financial incentives were introduced to promote compliance with social isolation measures, thereby preventing SARS-CoV-2 infections and transmission. However, few low- and middle-income countries have implemented financial aid to alleviate the socio-economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIodine transfer to dairy cow's milk: A revised biokinetic model.
J Hazard Mater
December 2024
Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 5003, Ås N-1432, Norway.
A new biokinetic model for iodine in dairy cows was developed utilizing data from a 4 × 4 factorial feeding experiment with rumen-cannulated cows that were fed rapeseed cake containing substances known to influence iodine metabolism, and soybean meal without such effects. I was administered both intravenously and intra-ruminally to document metabolism pathways. The new model included compartments such as saliva and thyroid gland, often ignored in other models, and in contrast to previously available biokinetic models, it fitted well to our experimental data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnthropogenic actinides in seawater and biota from the west coast of Sweden.
Environ Pollut
December 2024
Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences (HMV), Linköping University, 58183, Linköping, Sweden.
The assessment of the origin of the anthropogenic contamination in marine regions impacted by other sources than global fallout is a challenge. This is the case of the west coast of Sweden, influenced by the liquid effluents released by the European Nuclear Reprocessing Plants through North Sea currents and by Baltic Sea local and regional sources, among others. This work focused on the study of anthropogenic actinides (U, Np and Pu) in seawater and biota from a region close to Gothenburg where radioactive wastes with an unknown composition were dumped in 1964.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent insights into trends of thyroid cancer incidence in Lithuanian population exposed to Chernobyl fallout early in life.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
September 2024
Public Health Department, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M.K. Ciurlionio. 21, Vilnius LT-03101, Lithuania; Laboratory of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Institute, P. Baublio 3B, Vilnius LT-08406, Lithuania. Electronic address:
In the last three decades, an increase in thyroid cancer incidence has been observed worldwide, as well as in Lithuania. Although the rise was linked to overdiagnosis, the role of lifestyle and environmental factors, including exposure to ionizing radiation, cannot be excluded. In our retrospective study, we aimed to assess the association between the average age-specific thyroid dose due to the radioactive iodine uptake during childhood and adolescence from the Chernobyl fallout in Lithuania, and the trends of incidence of thyroid cancer from 1991 to 2015 in different regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFModeling Fallout from Nuclear Weapon Detonations: Efficient Activity and Dose Calculation of Radionuclides and Their Progeny.
Health Phys
September 2024
RIVM; Rijkinstitutuut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, A. van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
The purpose of this paper is to present a practical method for quick determination of potential radiological doses and contaminations by fallout from nuclear detonations, or other releases, that includes the contributions from all nuclides. We precalculate individual (total) activities of all radionuclides from any initial cocktail and all their ingrowing progeny at a set of pinpoints in time with a logarithmic time-spacing. This is combined with the set of dose conversion factors (DCC) for any exposure pathway to obtain a time-dependent cocktail for the whole release as if it is one substance.
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