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FOXP2-immunoreactive corticothalamic neurons in neocortical layers 6a and 6b are tightly regulated by neuromodulatory systems.
iScience
January 2025
Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 10, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
The / gene, linked to fine motor control in vertebrates, is a potential candidate gene thought to play a prominent role in human language production. It is expressed specifically in a subset of corticothalamic (CT) pyramidal cells (PCs) in layer 6 (L6) of the neocortex. These L6 FOXP2+ PCs project exclusively to the thalamus, with L6a PCs targeting first-order or both first- and higher-order thalamic nuclei, whereas L6b PCs connect only to higher-order nuclei.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIFN-γ licenses normal and pathogenic ALPK1/TIFA pathway in human monocytes.
iScience
January 2025
CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, University Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France.
Alpha-kinase 1 (ALPK1) is an immune receptor sensing the bacterial nucleotide sugar ADP-heptose. ALPK1 phosphorylates TIFA leading to its oligomerization and downstream NF-κB activation. Specific mutations in are associated with an autoinflammatory syndrome termed ROSAH and with spiradenoma (skin cancers with sweat gland differentiation).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbundant repressor binding sites in human enhancers are associated with the fine-tuning of gene regulation.
iScience
January 2025
Computational Biology Branch, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
The regulation of gene expression relies on the coordinated action of transcription factors (TFs) at enhancers, including both activator and repressor TFs. We employed deep learning (DL) to dissect HepG2 enhancers into positive (PAR), negative (NAR), and neutral activity regions. Sharpr-MPRA and STARR-seq highlight the dichotomy impact of NARs and PARs on modulating and catalyzing the activity of enhancers, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConserved multisensory integration of social cues in the thalamus.
iScience
January 2025
Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
The recognition of conspecifics, animals of the same species, and keeping track of changes in the social environment is essential to all animals. While molecules, circuits, and brain regions that control social behaviors across species are studied in-depth, the neural mechanisms that enable the recognition of social cues are largely obscure. Recent evidence suggests that social cues across sensory modalities converge in a thalamic area conserved across vertebrates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA review of electrospun metal oxide semiconductor-based photocatalysts.
iScience
January 2025
Laboratory of Functional Molecules and Materials, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun Xi road, Zibo 255000, P.R. China.
In recent years, photocatalytic materials with a nanofiber-like morphology have garnered a surge of academic attention due to their distinctive properties, including an expansive specific surface area, a considerable high aspect ratio, a pronounced resistance to agglomeration, superior electron survivability, and robust surface activity. Consequently, the synthesis of photocatalytic nanofiber materials through various methodologies has drawn considerable attention. The electrospinning technique has been established as a prevalent method for fabricating nanofiber-structured materials, owing to its advantageous properties, including the ability for mass production and the assurance of high continuity.
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