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Beyond the itch: the complex interplay of immune, neurological, and psychological factors in chronic urticaria.
J Neuroinflammation
March 2025
College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China.
Chronic urticaria (CU) arises from a multifaceted interplay of immunological, neurological, and psychological components. Immune dysregulation, mediated through both immunoglobulin E (IgE)-dependent and IgE-independent pathways, plays a pivotal role in CU pathogenesis, involving key effector cells such as mast cells (MCs), basophils, and eosinophils. This dysregulation culminates in the release of histamine, prostaglandins, and other mediators, which precipitate pruritus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSystemic barrier dysfunction in type 2 inflammation diseases: perspective in the skin, airways, and gastrointestinal tract.
Immunol Res
March 2025
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.
The epithelial barrier in different organs is the first line of defense against environmental insults and allergens, with type 2 immunity serving as a protective function. Genetic factors, and biological and chemical insults from the surrounding environment altered regulate epithelial homeostasis through disruption of epithelial tight junction proteins or dilated intercellular spaces. Recent studies suggest that epithelial barrier dysfunction contributes to pathologic alteration in diseases with type 2 immune dysregulation including (but not limited to) atopic dermatitis, prurigo nodularis, asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and eosinophilic esophagitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe when, what, and where of naturally-acquired microchimerism.
Semin Immunopathol
March 2025
INSERM UMRs 1097 Arthrites, Microchimérisme et Inflammations (ARTHEMIS), Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
Naturally acquired microchimerism (Mc) is increasingly recognized as an aspect of normal biology. Maternal-fetal bi-directional exchange during pregnancy creates a Mc legacy for the long-term in both individuals. Maternal Mc in her offspring and Mc of fetal origin in women with previous births are best studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA qualitative study exploring the experiences of nurses delivering bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy.
Br J Nurs
March 2025
Assistant Professor, Institute for Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, VID Specialised University, Bergen, Norway.
Background: Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is an effective treatment for preventing recurrence and progression of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer; however, patients often withdraw early from the treatment. Nurses have an integral role in delivering and overseeing treatment. The aim of this study was to explore nurses' perspectives on the factors that contribute to patients successfully completing BCG treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical opinions and case studies on understanding and managing hypogammaglobulinaemia in multiple sclerosis: United Kingdom perspective.
Mult Scler Relat Disord
February 2025
Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Department of Neurology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.
Background: Immunomodulatory disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in multiple sclerosis (MS) have implications for secondary immunological effects and immunodeficiencies such as hypogammaglobulinaemia and reductions in immunoglobulin levels. Neurologists and treating healthcare professionals should be aware of hypogammaglobulinaemia and be able to manage resulting complications appropriately.
Methods: This paper draws on brief clinical case studies in the United Kingdom to illustrate aspects of immunomodulatory DMTs in MS and aims to inform and increase understanding of the role of immunoglobulins in MS, including the presentation of reduced immunoglobulin levels and the interpretation of haematological parameters.
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