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New multilocus sequence typing scheme for reveals sequential outbreaks of vancomycin-resistant ST1162 and ST610 in a Japanese tertiary medical center.
Microbiol Spectr
January 2025
Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Microbiome, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) is a significant hospital pathogen, and effective control relies on advanced molecular epidemiological tools.
- Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is still widely used in clinical labs, but with the decline in PFGE equipment availability, the Bezdíček multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme has been proposed as a more accurate alternative for analyzing genetic similarities among VREfm strains.
- Comparing both MLST schemes with PFGE, the study found that the Bezdíček scheme offers improved outbreak visualization and higher discriminatory power, making it a valuable tool for managing VREfm infections in healthcare settings.
When to Use Rectangular Waveforms in Dielectrophoresis Application to Increase Separation and Sorting Efficiency.
Electrophoresis
November 2024
Chair of Sensor and Actuator Systems, Faculty of EECS, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
In this study, the influence of using rectangular waveforms is comprehensively investigated on the separation and sorting efficiency of dielectrophoretic (DEP) processes. Besides positive effects on DEP experiments, cases of a diminished force due to rectangular waveforms are investigated and discussed. This investigation encompasses two primary experimental setups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvestigation of the efficacy of siRNA-mediated KRAS gene silencing in pancreatic cancer therapy.
PeerJ
November 2024
Vocational High School of Health Care Services, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Yahşihan, Turkey.
Article Synopsis
- Pancreatic carcinoma is a highly aggressive cancer with low survival rates due to late diagnosis and poor treatment responses, prompting research into new diagnostic and treatment methods, including gene therapy.
- The study aimed to silence the KRAS gene in pancreatic cancer cells using a combination of small interfering RNA (siRNA) and varying concentrations of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) to enhance therapeutic effects.
- Results indicated that the optimal concentration of AuNP was 0.125 mg/ml, with siRNA/AuNP complexes showing over 90% cell viability and statistically significant increases in cell proliferation compared to controls after 72 and 96 hours.
Development, cross-validation and greenness assessment of capillary electrophoresis method for determination of ALP in pharmaceutical dosage forms - an alternative to liquid chromatography.
RSC Adv
October 2024
University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis Ante Kovačića 1 10000 Zagreb Croatia
Breast cancer treatment has made tremendous progress in recent years and new therapies are emerging continuously. Alpelisib (ALP) is a novel phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor recently approved for human receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative, PIK3CA-mutated metastatic breast cancer in combination with fulvestrant. ALP has been the subject of only a limited number of preclinical and studies using different chromatographic techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman cytomegalovirus infection among febrile hematological cancer patients at the Uganda Cancer Institute.
Microbiol Spectr
November 2024
Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda.
Article Synopsis
- Hematological cancers like Leukemias and Lymphomas can weaken immune responses, increasing the risk of infections including Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), particularly in febrile patients.
- A study at the Uganda Cancer Institute found that 66% of 161 febrile hematological cancer patients had been exposed to HCMV, with 14.3% showing signs of active infection.
- The findings suggest that routine HCMV testing in these patients is crucial for timely antiviral treatment to manage infections effectively.
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