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Effects of Tesamorelin on Neurocognitive Impairment in Abdominally Obese Persons with HIV.
J Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Background: In people with HIV (PWH) who are virally suppressed (VS) on antiretroviral therapy (ART), abdominal obesity (AO) is linked to neurocognitive impairment (NCI), potentially due to visceral adiposity, inflammation, and reduced insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Tesamorelin, a growth hormone-releasing hormone, reduces AO and increases IGF-1, suggesting it might mitigate NCI in VS PWH.
Methods: This 6-month, Phase II randomized, open-label clinical trial compared Tesamorelin versus standard-of-care (SOC) for NCI in abdominally obese PWH.
The Aggravating Role of Failing Neuropeptide Networks in the Development of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Alzheimer's disease is increasingly affecting aging societies and primarily appears in a sporadic form linked to various genetic and environmental factors.
- The condition can be viewed as an intensified version of the natural aging process of the brain, marked by the buildup of amyloid plaques due to impaired amyloid elimination.
- The review focuses on the role of specific neuropeptides in accelerating dementia and explores their potential as therapeutic targets to slow down disease progression.
The development of growth hormone-releasing hormone analogs: Therapeutic advances in cancer, regenerative medicine, and metabolic disorders.
Rev Endocr Metab Disord
November 2024
Miami VA Healthcare System, Endocrine and Polypeptide Institute, Miami, FL, USA.
Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GHRH) and its analogs have gained significant attention for their therapeutic potential across various domains, including oncology, regenerative medicine, and metabolic disorders. Originally recognized for its role in regulating growth hormone (GH) secretion, GHRH has since been discovered to exert broader physiological effects beyond the pituitary gland, with GHRH receptors identified in multiple extrahypothalamic tissues, including tumor cells. This review explores the development of both GHRH agonists and antagonists, focusing on their mechanisms of action, therapeutic applications, and future potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCentral and peripheral regulation of the GH/IGF-1 axis: GHRH and beyond.
Rev Endocr Metab Disord
November 2024
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
The regulation of growth hormone (GH) synthesis and secretion by somatotroph cells of the anterior pituitary is a highly complex process, mediated by a variety of neuroendocrine and peripheral influences. In particular, a key role is played by the hypothalamic peptides growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin, which regulate the somatotroph axis with opposite actions, stimulating and inhibiting GH release, respectively. Since the discovery of GHRH about 50 years ago, many pathophysiological studies have explored the underlying intricate hormonal balance that regulates GHRH secretion and its interplay with the somatotroph axis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroglia-derived ADAM9 promote GHRH neurons pyroptosis by Mad2L2-JNK-caspase-1 pathway in subarachnoid hemorrhage.
J Neuroinflammation
November 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Brain Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
The incidence of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is significantly higher than that of other neuroendocrine disorders, but the mechanism is still elusive. We used mass spectrometry to identify differentially expressed proteins in cerebrospinal fluid samples from a well-characterized cohort of patients. A total of 683 proteins were identified, including 39 upregulated proteins in the GHD group.
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