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Distribution of the kisspeptin system and its relation with gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the hypothalamus.
Vitam Horm
January 2025
Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address:
Kisspeptin (KISS1), originally catalogued as metastin because of its capacity as a metastasis suppressor in human melanoma and breast cancer, is now recognized as the major puberty gatekeeper and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuroendocrine system modulator. It is a member of the family of RFamide-related peptides that also includes the neuropeptide FF group, the gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone, the prolactin-releasing peptide, and the 26RFa peptides. The KISS1 precursor peptide is processed into a family of peptides known as kisspeptins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOpioid reward and deep brain stimulation of the lateral hypothalamic area.
Vitam Horm
January 2025
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is considered a global health issue that affects various aspects of patients' lives and poses a considerable burden on society. Due to the high prevalence of remissions and relapses, novel therapeutic approaches are required to manage OUD. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is one of the most promising clinical breakthroughs in translational neuroscience.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKisspeptin control of hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian functions.
Vitam Horm
January 2025
Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar pradesh, India.
The discovery of Kisspeptin (Kiss) has opened a new direction in research on neuroendocrine control of reproduction in vertebrates. Belonging to the RF amide family of peptides, Kiss and its cognate receptor Gpr54 (Kissr) have a long and complex evolutionary history. Multiple forms of Kiss and Kissr are identified in non-mammalian vertebrates, with the exception of birds, and monotreme mammals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuropeptides in the hypothalamus.
Vitam Horm
January 2025
Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla and León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Grupo GIR USAL-BMD (Bases Moleculares del Desarrollo), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
The hypothalamus is one of the most complex region in the central nervous system regarding neuroanatomy, neurochemical content, neuropeptide/classical neurotransmitter interactions, physiological actions, and pathophysiology. Hypothalamic neuropeptides have been involved in a large plethora of mechanisms related with obesity, anxiety, feeding, energy metabolism, defensive behavior, mood, and reproduction. The therapeutic potential of these findings is enormous but the physiological complexity occurring in the hypothalamus is huge due in part to the interactions between numerous neuropeptides as well as between neuropeptides and other neuroactive substances.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNesfatin-1 Neurons in the Ventral Premammillary Nucleus Integrate Metabolic and Reproductive Signals in Male Rats.
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, H1094 Budapest, Hungary.
The ability to reproduce depends on metabolic status. In rodents, the ventral premammillary nucleus (PMv) integrates metabolic and reproductive signals. While leptin (adiposity-related) signaling in the PMv is critical for female fertility, male reproductive functions are strongly influenced by glucose homeostasis.
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