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Anaesthesia in PROstate Biopsy Pain Obstruction Study: A Study Protocol for a Multicentre Randomised Controlled Study Evaluating the Efficacy of Perineal Nerve Block in Controlling Pain in Patients Undergoing Transperineal Prostate Biopsy.
Front Surg
October 2021
Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Transperineal prostate biopsy is as effective as the transrectal biopsy in detecting prostate cancer and has a lower risk of infection. However, concerning the procedural pain of the transperineal route, a higher level of anaesthesia is needed, which prevents this approach from being widely used. Although several methods of local anaesthesia to relieve pain during transperineal biopsy have been described, few well-designed trials have been conducted to assess the efficacy of local anaesthesia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeted bacteriophage (phage) particles are potentially attractive yet inexpensive platforms for immunization. Herein, we describe targeted phage capsid display of an immunogenically relevant epitope of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein that is empirically conserved, likely due to the high mutational cost among all variants identified to date. This observation may herald an approach to developing vaccine candidates for broad-spectrum, towards universal, protection against multiple emergent variants of coronavirus that cause COVID-19.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProstate-Specific Antigen Concentrations in Response to Testosterone Treatment of Severely Hypogonadal Men.
J Endocr Soc
November 2020
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Context: Clinical guidelines recommend measurement of the serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration during testosterone treatment of hypogonadal men to determine whether the increase is sufficiently high to warrant urologic referral. Prior studies of the effect of testosterone treatment on PSA concentrations have been conducted in men who were mildly to moderately hypogonadal.
Objective: The objective of this work is to determine the PSA response to testosterone treatment of men who are severely hypogonadal.
Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of PD-L1 expression in colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
World J Surg Oncol
January 2019
The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Objective: To analyze the prognostic value of programmed death factor ligand 1 (PD-L1) in colorectal cancer.
Methods: Electronic databases, such as PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane library, were searched to identify studies evaluating the PD-L1 expression and overall survival (OS) in these patients. Afterwards, the relevant data were extracted to perform the meta-analysis.
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