Micronucleated exfoliated cell (MEC) of oral mucosa of 40 patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) and 54 normal controls were observed by means of micronucleus test. The frequency of MEC of two groups were 9.56/1000 and 2.55/1000 respectively, and their difference was remarkably significant (P < 0.001). 22 cases were treated by TCM Qiang Ji Jian Li Capsule. The frequency of MEC after treatment fell from 14.38/1000 to 6.00/1000. The difference was significant (P < 0.002). The frequency of Spleen-asthenia group higher than that of non-Spleen-asthenia (P < 0.05). The results revealed that. The patients with MG had genotoxic damage. (2) The constitution with the Spleen-asthenia and the genotoxic damage was related. (3) Qiang Ji Jian Li Capsule of invigorating the Spleen and benefiting Qi could reduce the genotoxic damage.
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DNA Repair (Amst)
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States. Electronic address:
A potentially promising approach to targeted cancer prevention in genetically at-risk populations is the pharmacological upregulation of DNA repair pathways. SMUG1 is a base excision repair enzyme that ameliorates adverse genotoxic and mutagenic effects of hydrolytic and oxidative damage to pyrimidines. Here we describe the discovery and initial cellular activity of a small-molecule activator of SMUG1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biol Chem
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA. Electronic address:
One of the key events in DNA damage response (DDR) is activation of checkpoint kinases leading to activation of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) and increased synthesis of deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs), required for DNA repair. Among other mechanisms, the activation of dNTP synthesis is driven by derepression of genes encoding RNR subunits RNR2, RNR3, and RNR4, following checkpoint activation and checkpoint kinase Dun1p-mediated phosphorylation and inactivation of transcriptional repressor Crt1p. We report here that in the absence of genotoxic stress during respiratory growth on nonfermentable carbon source acetate, inactivation of checkpoint kinases results in significant growth defect and alters transcriptional regulation of RNR2-4 genes and genes encoding enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) and glyoxylate cycles and gluconeogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTob Induc Dis
January 2025
Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Introduction: There is substantial interest in the association of vaping e-cigarettes with the risk of cancer. We analyzed this risk in different populations by updating the Kings College London (KCL) review to include the period between July 2021 and December 2023.
Methods: We searched six databases and included peer-reviewed human, animal, and cell/ original studies examining the association between e-cigarettes and cancer risk, but we excluded qualitative studies.
Indian J Occup Environ Med
December 2024
Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (VRDL), Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India.
Pesticides induce oxidative DNA damage and genotoxic effects such as DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs), double-strand breaks (DSBs), DNA adducts, chromosomal aberrations, and enhanced sister chromatid exchanges. Such DNA damage can be repaired by DNA repair mechanisms. In humans, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are present in DNA repair genes involved in base excision repair (BER) (, and nucleotide excision repair (NER) (, , , and ), and double-strand break repair (DSBR) ( and ).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Clin Cancer Res
January 2025
Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Background: Bacterial toxins are emerging as promising hallmarks of colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis. In particular, Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factor 1 (CNF1) from E. coli deserves special consideration due to the significantly higher prevalence of this toxin gene in CRC patients with respect to healthy subjects, and to the numerous tumor-promoting effects that have been ascribed to the toxin in vitro.
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