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Estimated Burden of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in US Adults, 2020 to 2050.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Center for Value-Based Care Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
Importance: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease and is projected to become the leading indication for liver transplant (LT) in the US. Understanding its clinical burden can help to identify opportunities for prevention and treatment.
Objective: To project the burden of MASLD in US adults from 2020 to 2050.
Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is a lethal variant of pulmonary hypertension. The degree of pulmonary arterial involvement varies. Here, we compare two PVOD patients who were transplanted at 8 years of age, whereof one is a homozygous mutation carrier.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolyglucosan storage disease in a black-capped parrot (Pionitesmelanocephalus).
J Comp Pathol
January 2025
Joint Pathology Center, 606 Stephen Sitter Ave, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, USA.
Following an episode of sudden lethargy, an 18-month-old female black-capped parrot (Pionites melanocephalus) died while being examined. On gross examination, there was fluid within the coelom, hepatomegaly with yellow colouration and the heart appeared enlarged with pallor throughout the myocardium. On histological examination, cardiomyocytes were swollen with loss of cross striations and contained 6-12-μm diameter intrasarcoplasmic pale grey inclusions of storage material.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPreclinical liver toxicity models: Advantages, limitations and recommendations.
Toxicology
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology, Dr. A.L.M. Postgraduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India.
Experimental animal models are crucial for elucidating the pathophysiology of liver injuries and for assessing new hepatoprotective agents. Drugs and chemicals such as acetaminophen, isoniazid, valproic acid, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride (CCl), dimethylnitrosamine (DMN), and thioacetamide (TAA) are metabolized by the CYP2E1 enzyme, producing hepatotoxic metabolites that lead to both acute and chronic liver injuries. In experimental settings, acetaminophen (centrilobular necrosis), carbamazepine (centrilobular necrosis and inflammation), sodium valproate (necrosis, hydropic degeneration and mild inflammation), methotrexate (sinusoidal congestion and inflammation), and TAA (centrilobular necrosis and inflammation) are commonly used to induce various types of acute liver injuries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLocation of Fibroblastic Foci: Does the Lesion You Observe Really Suggest Usual Interstitial Pneumonia?
Mod Pathol
November 2024
Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Fibroblastic foci (FF) are important indicators of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) but can also appear in various fibrotic interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), making them non-specific for UIP.
- This study analyzed the spatial distribution of FF in different forms of ILDs in patients who underwent lung transplants, categorizing them by anatomical location.
- Results showed that idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) had more total and peripheral FF compared to other ILDs, while centrilobular FF was more prevalent in fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (FHP), suggesting distinct spatial patterns associated with different diseases.
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