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Coati optimization algorithm for brain tumor identification based on MRI with utilizing phase-aware composite deep neural network.
Electromagn Biol Med
January 2025
Department of Computer Applications, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education - Deemed to be University, Krishnankoil, India.
Brain tumors can cause difficulties in normal brain function and are capable of developing in various regions of the brain. Malignant tumours can develop quickly, pass through neighboring tissues, and extend to further brain regions or the central nervous system. In contrast, healthy tumors typically develop slowly and do not invade surrounding tissues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAsymptomatic Empty Sella: A Literature Review and Suggestions for Evaluation in Clinical Practice.
Cureus
December 2024
Neurosurgery, Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, USA.
Empty sella (ES) is a radiographic finding defined by the presence of cerebrospinal fluid in the sella turcica, with associated compression of the pituitary gland. Empty sella syndrome (ESS) is the combination of this radiographic finding with endocrine, ophthalmological, and/or neurological symptoms. The focus of this literature review is to synthesize information about asymptomatic or incidental ES specifically, meaning the radiologic finding of an empty sella without symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKisspeptin as a test of hypothalamic dysfunction in pubertal and reproductive disorders.
Andrology
January 2025
Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis is regulated by the gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator in the hypothalamus. This is comprised of neurons that secrete kisspeptin in a pulsatile manner to stimulate the release of GnRH, and, in turn, downstream gonadotropins from the pituitary gland, and subsequently sex steroids and gametogenesis from the gonads. Many reproductive disorders in both males and females are characterized by hypothalamic dysfunction, including functional disorders (such as age-related hypogonadism, obesity-related secondary hypogonadism, hyperprolactinemia, functional hypothalamic amenorrhea and polycystic ovary syndrome), structural pathologies (such as craniopharyngiomas or radiation or surgery-related hypothalamic dysfunction), and pubertal disorders (constitutional delay of growth and puberty and congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: There has been growing interest to study impact of night shift work on male reproductive health, which is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and influenced by circadian rhythms. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to explore the association between night shift work and male reproductive health outcomes.
Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42022379770).
Autonomic Reflexes With Epipharyngeal Abrasive Therapy (EAT).
Cureus
January 2025
Otolaryngology, Ito ENT Clinic, Funabashi, JPN.
A literature review was conducted of epipharyngeal abrasive therapy (EAT) in the treatment of chronic epipharyngitis, focusing on the mechanism of action by autonomic nerve stimulation. The mechanism of action of EAT in stimulating the immune system has recently become clear. However, the mechanism of action of EAT on the autonomic nervous system remains to be elucidated.
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