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Animal Models, Therapeutics, and Vaccine Approaches to Emerging and Re-Emerging Flaviviruses.
Viruses
December 2024
Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3500, USA.
Flaviviruses are arthropod-borne viruses primarily transmitted through the mosquito or genus of mosquitos. These viruses are predominantly found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world with their geographical spread predicted to increase as global temperatures continue to rise. These viruses cause a variety of diseases in humans with the most prevalent being caused by dengue, resulting in hemorrhagic fever and associated sequala.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemical structure-biological activity of 1,4-naphthoquinone analogs as potential Aedes aegypti larvicides.
Pest Manag Sci
January 2025
Department of BioMolecular Sciences and the Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, USA.
Background: 1,4-Naphthoquinone compounds have shown pesticidal activity against Aedes aegypti larvae, a key vector of diseases such as dengue and Zika. However, limited knowledge of their structure-activity relationships has hindered their optimization for pesticide development. This study investigates the structure-activity relationships of 1,4-naphthoquinone, particularly 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and its derivatives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmergence of locally acquired Japanese encephalitis virus in Australia, January 2021-June 2022: a national case series.
Commun Dis Intell (2018)
January 2025
Health Protection Policy and Surveillance Division, Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
Background And Methods: In March 2022, an outbreak of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection was identified in temperate south-eastern Australia, with detections in humans and animals. The unexpected emergence of JEV prompted a national public health response and a Communicable Disease Incident of National Significance was declared. JEV has previously only been identified in tropical north-eastern Australia in localised outbreaks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe detection of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in the Murray region, New South Wales: a public health investigation.
Commun Dis Intell (2018)
January 2025
Murrumbidgee and Southern New South Wales Local Health District, Public Health Unit, Infectious Diseases, NSW Health.
The detection of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in pigs, at four piggeries in the Murray region in February 2022, prompted a public health investigation (PHI) by the New South Wales Department of Health (NSW Health) to identify people at greatest risk of infection. The PHI included three components: a vaccination clinic and accompanying clinic questionnaire; a serological investigation; and a cross-sectional study for consenting Australian-born participants who completed an extended questionnaire after receiving their serological results. The goals were to vaccinate a presumably naïve population to reduce associated risk and to understand the seroprevalence among Australian-born piggery workers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTemperature drives ectothermic host - parasite interactions, making them particularly sensitive to climatic variation and change. To isolate the role of temperature, lab-based studies are increasingly used to assess and forecast disease risk under current and future climate conditions. However, in the field, the effects of temperature on parasitism may be mediated by other sources of variation, including local adaptation.
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