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Toluene is a cerebral artery constrictor acting via BK channels.
Neuropharmacology
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38103, USA. Electronic address:
Acute intoxication by toluene usually follows intentional inhalation to achieve a "high", which may lead to repeated use due to toluene's reinforcing properties. In both acute and chronic intoxication brain function is primarily affected. Neuronal and glial elements participate in toluene's reinforcing properties and chronic toxicity, yet the targets underlying acute toxicity remain unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEthyl chloride poisoning from inhalational misuse: clinical features and outcomes.
Clin Toxicol (Phila)
January 2025
Family Physician in Private Practice, Singapore.
Introduction: Ethyl chloride misuse remains a prevailing concern due to its accessibility, but detailed descriptions of the features of toxicity are limited to sporadic reports, resulting in knowledge gaps in their clinical features and diagnosis.
Objective: To describe the clinical features, treatment, and outcomes of patients reported in the literature who developed toxicity from inhalational use of ethyl chloride.
Methods: We reviewed relevant literature over the past 50 years and analyzed the characteristics and outcomes of patients with toxicity from the inhalational use of ethyl chloride.
Toluene Inhalant Addiction and Cardiac Functions in Young Adults: A Comparison of Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic Parameters.
Clin Cardiol
November 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
Background: Volatile substance (thinner) addiction can cause serious cardiac events, such as malignant ventricular arrhythmias, acute coronary syndromes, sudden death syndrome, and dilated cardiomyopathy, as reported in many case studies. We aimed to find echocardiographic and electrocardiographic parameters that could foresee these adverse outcomes in clinical settings.
Methods: We enrolled 32 healthy young adult patients with at least 1 year of thinner addiction and no cardiac symptoms.
From Poppers to Peril: Recreational Nitrite-Induced Methemoglobinemia.
Cureus
August 2024
Critical Care Medicine, Ascension Providence Hospital, Southfield, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * A 43-year-old man with a history of diabetes and hypertension showed symptoms of methemoglobinemia, including bluish discoloration of his fingers, after using the inhalant "Rush," leading to low oxygen saturation and elevated methemoglobin levels.
- * Treatment with methylene blue successfully resolved the patient’s symptoms, but resulted in green urine, highlighting the importance of thorough history taking and awareness of treatment side effects in managing inhalant-related cases.
Persistent homology reveals robustness loss in inhaled substance abuse rs-fMRI networks.
PLoS One
September 2024
Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
Analyzing functional brain activity through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is commonly done using tools from graph theory for the analysis of the correlation matrices. A drawback of these methods is that the networks must be restricted to values of the weights of the edges within certain thresholds and there is no consensus about the best choice of such thresholds. Topological data analysis (TDA) is a recently-developed tool in algebraic topology which allows us to analyze networks through combinatorial spaces obtained from them, with the advantage that all the possible thresholds can be considered at once.
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