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What the clinician should know when ordering a mast cell tryptase test: A review article for the North American practicing clinician.

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March 2025

University Hospital of Reims, Immunology Laboratory, Biology and Pathology Department, Reims, France; University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM UMR 1250, Reims, France. Electronic address:

Tryptase is currently the most specific mast cell biomarker available in clinical laboratories. Tryptase levels in peripheral blood contribute to the diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic evaluation of three clinical categories: (1) immediate hypersensitivity reactions including the life-threatening systemic form known as anaphylaxis, (2) clonal mast cell diseases and other myeloid malignancies, including as a biomarker for efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents targeting mast cell survival, and (3) hereditary α-tryptasemia (HαT), a genetic trait found in 4 - 8% of general population associated to increased risk of severe immediate hypersensitivity reactions. Rapidly evolving pathophysiology knowledge and management guidelines impact tryptase use in clinical practice, explaining the need for frequent updates.

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Robust perception systems allow farm robots to recognize weeds and vegetation, enabling the selective application of fertilizers and herbicides to mitigate the environmental impact of traditional agricultural practices. Today's perception systems typically rely on deep learning to interpret sensor data for tasks such as distinguishing soil, crops, and weeds. These approaches usually require substantial amounts of manually labeled training data, which is often time-consuming and requires domain expertise.

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Air Force Clinical College, The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.

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