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Evolution of autoimmune diagnostics over the past 10 years: lessons learned from the UK NEQAS external quality assessment EQA programs.
Clin Chem Lab Med
January 2025
Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, Udine, Italy.
Objectives: External quality assessment (EQA) programs play a pivotal role in harmonizing laboratory practices, offering users a benchmark system to evaluate their own performance and identify areas requiring improvement. The objective of this study was to go through and analyze the UK NEQAS "Immunology, Immunochemistry and Allergy" EQA reports between 2012 and 2021 to assess the overall level of harmonization in autoimmune diagnostics and identify areas requiring improvement for future actions.
Methods: The EQA programs reviewed included anti-nuclear (ANA), anti-dsDNA, anti-centromere, anti-extractable nuclear antigen (ENA), anti-phospholipids, anti-neutrophil cytoplasm (ANCA), anti-proteinase 3 (PR3), anti-myeloperoxidase (MPO), anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM), rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), mitochondrial (AMA), liver-kidney-microsomal (LKM), smooth muscle (ASMA), APCA, and celiac disease antibodies.
Should antinuclear antibodies (ANA) be used to screen for connective tissue disease in neurological patients?
J Neurol Sci
December 2024
Neurological Department, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel; Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, USA.
Background: Patients with connective tissue diseases (CTD) can have a wide range of neurological manifestations. Neurological complaints may be the presenting symptom of CTD. Therefore, screening for CTD using anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) is a common practice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvans syndrome as a presentation in systemic lupus erythematous, coexisting with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and pernicious anemia: a case report.
J Med Case Rep
December 2024
Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine.
Background: Evans syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by the simultaneous or sequential combination of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and immunological thrombocytopenia, together with a positive direct antiglobulin test. This syndrome, which can be primary or secondary, is a rare initial manifestation of autoimmune diseases, notably systemic lupus erythematosus, with 1.7-2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of hematological markers as prognostic tools in rheumatoid arthritis.
BMC Rheumatol
December 2024
Molecular Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran.
Background: Reducing inflammation is central to the management of RA. However, commonly used markers such as CRP and ESR, along with the DAS-28 score, have shown limitations. Hematologic indices, such as platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR), and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), show potential as reliable indicators of inflammation in RA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Rare Overlap: Sjögren's Syndrome With Autoimmune Hepatitis.
Cureus
November 2024
Critical Care Medicine, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Vellore, IND.
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder primarily affecting exocrine glands, leading to symptoms such as dry mouth and dry eyes. While SS can occur as a primary condition, it may overlap with other autoimmune diseases, complicating management. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), a liver disorder characterized by elevated serum globulins and liver-specific autoantibodies, can co-occur with SS, although this overlap is rare.
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