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Integrating one health strategies for rabies control: Insights from Jackal-mediated human rabies in Northeast India.
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Rabies is a deadly disease caused by Lyssavirus, primarily transmitted to humans through domestic dogs, but wildlife like jackals also play a role, as shown in a case from India.
- RNA from a rabid jackal and a human victim was analyzed using real-time PCR and whole genome sequencing to understand the virus's characteristics.
- Results indicated that both the jackal and human carried rabies virus from the Arctic AL1a lineage, suggesting a connection to dog strains in the region, emphasizing the need for improved rabies control measures.
Safety assessment of the world's first novel cocktail of two monoclonal antibodies in WHO category-III animal-bite patients.
J Family Med Prim Care
October 2024
Department of Paediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
Background: Rabies, a zoonotic disease, poses a significant global public health challenge, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is crucial for prevention. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have emerged as a promising alternative to rabies immunoglobulins due to their high efficacy and standardized manufacturing process.
Materials And Methods: A prospective, open-label post-marketing surveillance study was conducted with patients of WHO category-III suspected rabid animal bites.
Rabies vaccination in domestic dog populations has increased globally in a bid to protect human health. Surveillance efforts, however, are inconsistent in endemic regions such as in sub-Saharan Africa, due to fragmented reporting and limited diagnostic capacity for suspected cases, limiting successful monitoring and evaluation of vaccination campaigns. Here, we conducted a pilot study aiming to strengthen rabies surveillance by combining community-based surveillance with field-based diagnostic testing in pastoral and agro-pastoral communities in central Kenya; communities which are frequently marginalised from health systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRabies in Cats-An Emerging Public Health Issue.
Viruses
October 2024
College of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Human rabies cases today are predominantly associated with infection from rabid domestic dogs. Unlike dogs, a common global reservoir species that perpetuates rabies viruses (RABV) within their populations, domestic cats are much less frequently reported or vaccinated. Epidemiologically, cats are important vectors of lyssaviruses but are not viral reservoirs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEstimates of the burden of human rabies deaths and animal bites in India, 2022-23: a community-based cross-sectional survey and probability decision-tree modelling study.
Lancet Infect Dis
January 2025
Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates the prevalence of dog bites and human rabies deaths in India, where a significant portion of global rabies cases occurs, aiming to assess progress toward a 2030 elimination goal.
- - A nationwide survey found that in a year, there were approximately 9.1 million dog bites in India, with 20.5% of those bitten not receiving necessary anti-rabies vaccinations (ARV).
- - The study estimates around 5,726 human rabies deaths annually, indicating that, despite some progress, there's still a critical need for improved vaccination and prevention strategies.
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