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http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo-74-2-226 | DOI Listing |
Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol
March 2025
Department of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.
Am J Kidney Dis
January 2025
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Renal tubular acidoses (RTAs) are a subset of non-anion gap metabolic acidoses that result from complex disturbances in renal acid excretion. Net acid excretion is primarily accomplished through the reclamation of sodium bicarbonate and the buffering of secreted protons with ammonia or dibasic phosphate, all of which require a series of highly complex and coordinated processes along the renal tubule. Flaws in any of these components lead to the development of metabolic acidosis and/or a failure to compensate fully for other systemic acidoses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Laboratory of Human Physiology and Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan.
In most patients with type 1 xanthinuria caused by mutations in the xanthine dehydrogenase gene (XDH), no clinical complications, except for urinary stones, are observed. In contrast, all Xdh(- / -) mice die due to renal failure before reaching adulthood at 8 weeks of age. Hypoxanthine or xanthine levels become excessive and thus toxic in Xdh(- / -) mice because enhancing the activity of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT), which is an enzyme that uses hypoxanthine as a substrate, slightly increases the life span of these mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViruses
January 2025
Department of Biomedical & Nutritional Sciences, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) is a globally widespread pathogen that causes acute hepatitis infection. Beyond hepatic pathogenesis, HEV has been proven to cause several extrahepatic manifestations, such as neurological, renal, and hematological manifestations. It was also associated with mortality in pregnant females.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Legal Medicine, Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid widely used for its potent analgesic effects in chronic pain management and intraoperative anesthesia. However, its high potency, low cost, and accessibility have also made it a significant drug of abuse, contributing to the global opioid epidemic. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of fentanyl's medical applications, pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and pharmacogenetics while examining its adverse effects and forensic implications.
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