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Pathophysiology and diagnostic criteria of PCOS.
Minerva Obstet Gynecol
January 2025
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine-metabolic syndrome mainly characterized by ovarian dysfunction, which is only one manifestation of a more complex syndrome with a significant systemic impact.
Evidence Acquisition: We review scientific literature on the pathophysiology and diagnosis of PCOS evaluating the most relevant data from original articles, reviews and meta-analyses published until June 2024.
Evidence Synthesis: From a pathophysiological point of view, the concurrence of both metabolic aspects, such as insulin resistance and obesity, and hormonal alterations, such as hyperandrogenemia, might produce the most relevant clinical signs and/symptoms of this syndrome, for instance menstrual irregularities, hair loss, acne and hirsutism.
Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive interstitial lung disease masquerading as rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease or overlapping with the same: a phenomenon driven by a probable genetic predisposition.
Clin Rheumatol
January 2025
Department of Pulmonology & Interventional Pulmonology, Caritas Hospital and Institute of Health Sciences, Thellakom, Kottayam, Kerala, India.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic, progressive illness marked by persistent synovitis that causes substantial functional disability. Treatment delays frequently affect health-related quality of life. Extra-articular features are prevalent findings in RA, which leads to significant morbidity and mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOvarian function after COVID-19: long-term effects and vaccine safety in ART patients.
J Assist Reprod Genet
January 2025
Ovarian Physiopathology Studies Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine (IByME) - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term impact of mild COVID-19 infection and COVID-19 vaccination on ovarian function in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART). Specifically, we assessed ovarian outcomes between 9 and 18 months post-infection and investigated the effects of COVID-19 vaccines (inactivated virus and adenovirus) on reproductive parameters.
Methods: The study included two objectives: (a) examining ovarian function in post-COVID-19 patients (9-18 months post-infection) compared to a control group and (b) comparing reproductive outcomes in vaccinated versus unvaccinated patients.
Diagnosis and Management of Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Without Obstructive Epicardial Stenosis.
Curr Cardiol Rep
January 2025
Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - Shreveport (LSUHSC-S), 1501 Kings Hwy, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA.
Purpose Of Review: What is the pathophysiology and clinical findings as well as management of patients presenting with INOCA/MINOCA (Ischemia/Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries).
Recent Findings: INOCA/MINOCA has a complex pathophysiology. In this review article, we aim to summarize the complex pathophysiology and clinical diagnosis, and review the current management options.
Differential Neuronal Activation of Nociceptive Pathways in Neuropathic Pain After Spinal Cord Injury.
Cell Mol Neurobiol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Neuropathic pain, a prevalent complication following spinal cord injury (SCI), severely impairs the life quality of patients. No ideal treatment exists due to incomplete knowledge on underlying neural processes. To explore the SCI-induced effect on nociceptive circuits, the protein expression of c-Fos was analyzed as an indicator of neuronal activation in a rat contusion model exhibiting below-level pain.
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