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Human glyoxylate metabolism revisited: New insights pointing to multi-organ involvement with implications for siRNA-based therapies in primary hyperoxaluria.
J Inherit Metab Dis
January 2025
Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- - Glyoxylate, a toxic byproduct of metabolism, is rapidly converted into oxalate, necessitating effective detoxification systems in various cell compartments, with key enzymes AGT and GRHPR involved in this process.
- - Mutations in genes encoding AGT and GRHPR lead to primary hyperoxaluria types 1 and 2, respectively, while a defect in the HOGA1 enzyme is associated with type 3, all resulting in serious kidney issues such as nephrocalcinosis and potential kidney failure.
- - Recent advancements in therapies, particularly RNAi-based treatments (lumasiran and nedosiran), are improving outcomes for primary hyperoxaluria, with nedosiran targeting all
A Case of Statin-Induced Necrotizing Autoimmune Myopathy.
Cureus
October 2024
Internal Medicine, Jefferson Einstein Montgomery Hospital, East Norriton, USA.
Statins, commonly used for hyperlipidemia and more importantly having proven efficacy in lowering cardiovascular risk, are a very popular class of medications. Side effects are usually mild, and the class as a whole is generally well-tolerated by patients. However, one rare and more serious side effect is statin-induced autoimmune necrotizing myopathy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Recent advances in pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes and their applications].
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao
September 2024
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
Article Synopsis
- Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) is the active form of vitamin B6 and acts as a crucial coenzyme for several enzymes involved in key chemical reactions like racemization and transamination.
- The article explores the structure and function of specific PLP-dependent enzymes, such as ω-transaminase and lysine decarboxylase, highlighting their roles in biosynthesis and applications.
- It also discusses advancements in enzyme modification for industrial use, the potential for future developments including regeneration systems, and the promising biocatalytic applications of PLP-dependent enzymes.
Biosynthesis of D-1,2,4-butanetriol promoted by a glucose-xylose dual metabolic channel system in engineered Escherichia coli.
N Biotechnol
November 2024
School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China. Electronic address:
D-1,2,4-butanetriol (BT) is a widely used fine chemical that can be manufactured by engineered Escherichia coli expressing heterologous pathways and using xylose as a substrate. The current study developed a glucose-xylose dual metabolic channel system in an engineered E. coli and Combinatorially optimized it using multiple strategies to promote BT production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA transaminase-mediated aldol reaction and applications in cascades to styryl pyridines.
Catal Sci Technol
May 2024
Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
Transaminase enzymes are well established biocatalysts that are used in chemical synthesis due to their beneficial sustainability profile, regio- and stereoselectivity and substrate specificity. Here, the use of a wild-type transaminase (TAm) in enzyme cascades revealed the formation of a novel hydroxystyryl pyridine product. Subsequent studies established it was a transaminase mediated reaction where it was exhibiting apparent aldolase reactivity.
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