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Design of soft x-ray high diffraction efficiency and spectral flux Au/Ni bilayer coated laminar-type diffraction grating for objective soft x-ray flat-field spectrograph in a region of 250-550 eV.
Rev Sci Instrum
December 2024
Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan.
An objective soft x-ray flat-field spectrograph employing a laminar-type bilayer coated, varied-line-spacing, spherical grating was designed to improve the detection limit and sensitivity of soft x-ray flat-field spectrographs in a region of 250-550 eV. As a design criterion, spectral flux, SF, [Hatano et al., Appl.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWS/Graphene/MoS Sandwich van der Waals Heterojunction for Fast-Response Photodetectors.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Applications (Ministry of Education), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China.
Fast-response photodetectors have attracted considerable attention in the application of high-speed communication, real-time monitoring, and optical imaging systems. However, most reported photodetectors suffer from limitations of the inherent properties of materials, low carrier transport efficiency, and unmatched interfaces, which lead to a low response speed. Here, we report a WS/graphene/MoS vertical van der Waals heterojunction fabricated by mechanical exfoliation and dry transfer methods for fast response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiased expectations about future choice options predict sequential economic decisions.
Commun Psychol
December 2024
Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, UK.
Considerable research has shown that people make biased decisions in "optimal stopping problems", where options are encountered sequentially, and there is no opportunity to recall rejected options or to know upcoming options in advance (e.g. when flat hunting or choosing a spouse).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Recurrent Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Post-Radiation.
Dig Dis Sci
December 2024
Department of Gastroenterology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan.
Background: The feasibility and outcomes of salvage endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and ESD for metachronous esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) inside the irradiated field are not clear.
Aims: To explore the viability of ESD for ESCC in areas previously exposed to radiation, identify elements hindering successful ESD, assess prognosis, and elucidate considerations for follow-up.
Methods: Patients with ESCC who underwent salvage ESD or ESD for metachronous ESCC within the previously irradiated field at Kanagawa Cancer Center between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2023, were retrospectively investigated to evaluate patient and lesion characteristics and short- and long-term outcomes.
Colonoscopy Remains an Important Option for Primary Screening for Colorectal Cancer.
Dig Dis Sci
December 2024
Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - Colonoscopy is the most commonly used screening test for colorectal cancer in the U.S., with high sensitivity for detecting precancerous lesions, allowing screenings every 10 years, and possibly every 15 years for those with normal results.
- - There is substantial evidence showing colonoscopy reduces colorectal cancer incidence and mortality, supported by various studies, including comparisons with other screening methods like flexible sigmoidoscopy.
- - Advances in colonoscopy techniques, such as improved mucosal exposure methods and non-device strategies, have enhanced detection rates of precancerous lesions, along with safer resection techniques for small lesions, increasing the effectiveness of this screening option.
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