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Unveiling cross-reactivity: implications for immune response modulation in cancer.
Brief Bioinform
November 2024
Program of Cell and Gene Therapy, Division of Experimental and Translational Research, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Antigen recognition by CD8+ T-cell receptors (TCR) is crucial for immune responses to pathogens and tumors. TCRs are cross-reactive, a single TCR can recognize multiple peptide-Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) complexes. The study of cross-reactivity can support the development of therapies focusing on immune modulation, such as the expansion of pre-existing T-cell clones to fight pathogens and tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRapid identification of pathogenic bacteria from clinical positive blood cultures virus-like magnetic bead enrichment and MALDI-TOF MS profiling.
Analyst
January 2025
Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Reducing the time required for the detection of bacteria in blood samples is a critical area of investigation in the field of clinical diagnosis. Positive blood culture samples often require a plate culture stage due to the interference of blood cells and proteins, which can result in significant delays before the isolation of single colonies suitable for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis. In this study, we developed a non-specific enrichment strategy based on SiO-encapsulated FeO nanoparticles combined with MALDI-TOF MS for direct identification of bacteria from aqueous environments or positive blood culture samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification of a novel papillomavirus in oral swabs from giant pandas ().
Front Vet Sci
January 2025
Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
To fully characterize papillomavirus diversity in giant pandas (), we identified a novel papillomavirus (named AmPV5, GenBank accession number MZ357114) in oral swabs from giant pandas with the help of viral metagenomics technology in this study. The complete circular genome of AmPV5 is 7,935 bp in length, with a GC content of 39.1%.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSARS-CoV-2 surveillance and detection in wild, captive, and domesticated animals in Nebraska: 2021-2023.
Front Vet Sci
January 2025
School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States.
Widespread surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 was conducted across wildlife, captive animals in zoological collections, and domestic cats in Nebraska from 2021 to 2023. The goal of this effort was to determine the prevalence, phylogenetic and spatial distribution characteristics of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants using various diagnostic methodologies that can utilize both antemortem and postmortem samples, which may be required for wildlife such as white-tailed deer. Statewide surveillance testing revealed high variation in SARS-CoV-2 prevalence among species, with white-tailed deer identified as the primary reservoir.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ongoing panzootic of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5) viruses is the largest in history, with unprecedented transmission to multiple mammalian species. Avian influenza A viruses of the H5 subtype circulate globally among birds and are classified into distinct clades based on their hemagglutinin (HA) genetic sequences. Thus, the ability to accurately and rapidly assign clades to newly sequenced isolates is key to surveillance and outbreak response.
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