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Oxygen saturation in healthy newborn infants immediately after birth measured by pulse oximetry.
Arch Gynecol Obstet
April 2002
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Germany.
Pre- and postductal arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) rates were measured in 50 healthy vaginally delivered newborn infants to establish reference values of SpO2 rates immediately after birth. We compared the SpO2 values in the pre- and postductal areas and assessed the influence of oxitocin and analgetics applied during delivery. Fifty neonates were examined by the 2nd minute (min) of life using Nellcor N-3000 pulse oximeters on the right hand and foot.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynthesis of 3-cyclopropylmethyl-, 3-cyclobutylmethyl-, and 3-methyl-8-benzoylthio-2,6-methano-3-benzazocines (1j-l) was performed by regio-selective chlorosulfonation of non-narcotic 8-deoxy derivatives (1a-c) followed by reduction and benzoylation. 3-Benzoylthiomorphinans (2h-j) were also obtained by the same method. Compounds having small-ring substituents (1k, 1l, 2i, 2j) were found to be weak but pure mu- and delta-opioid antagonists.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF3-Acylthiomorphinans, 3-carbamoylthio-3-deoxydihydromorphine and 3-benzoylthio-9-aza-17-carbamorphinan were synthesized by Newman-Kwart rearrangement of the corresponding O-thiocarbamates. The analgetic activities were lower than that of pentazocine, and the opioid receptor binding affinities were very weak. These acylthiomorphinans showed low antinociceptive activity compared with corresponding sulfur-containing benzomorphans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[The receptor organization of the reinforcing and analgetic opiate systems in the rat].
Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova
July 1989
Comparative study of topographic and receptor selectivity of emotionally positive (place preference test) and analgetic (electrical and pressure nociceptive stimulation of the tail) effects of opioids was performed in rats. Morphine and selective agonists of mu-, kappa-, delta- and sigma-opiate receptors were administered through cannulae implanted into the periaqueductal grey and ventral tegmental area (VTA). Reinforcing effects of opioids in VTA was shown to be mediated mainly by mu-, delta- and sigma-receptors, while analgetic effect was realised with the aid of mu- and delta-opioid receptors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructure-activity studies of morphine fragments. I. 4-alkyl-4-(m-hydroxy-phenyl)-piperidines.
Mol Pharmacol
September 1988
SRI International, Life Sciences Division, Menlo Park, California 94025.
The 4-(m-OH-phenyl)piperidines are a flexible fragment of the morphine/benzomorphan fused-ring opioids. Analogs in this family were synthesized with varying 4-alkyl substituents increasing in bulk from H through methyl, n-propyl, to t-butyl, each with the three N-substituents methyl, allyl, and phenethyl. These twelve compounds were evaluated for analgetic agonism in mice using two different models for antinociceptive activity, acetic acid writhing and tail-flick, the latter by both subcutaneous and intracerebroventricular routes of administration.
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