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Cold exposure and thermoneutrality similarly reduce supraclavicular brown adipose tissue fat fraction in fasted young lean adults.
FASEB J
January 2025
Department of Radiology, C.J. Gorter MRI Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a metabolically highly active tissue that dissipates energy stored within its intracellular triglyceride droplets as heat. Others have previously utilized MRI to show that the fat fraction of human supraclavicular BAT (scBAT) decreases upon cold exposure, compared with baseline (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLipid Dynamics in Pancreatic β-Cells: Linking Physiology to Diabetes Onset.
Antioxid Redox Signal
November 2024
Laboratory of Pancreatic Islet Research, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
Glucose-induced lipid metabolism is essential for preserving functional β-cells, and its disruption is linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D) development. Lipids are an integral part of the cells playing an indispensable role as structural components, energy storage molecules, and signals. Glucose presence significantly impacts lipid metabolism in β-cells, where fatty acids are primarily synthesized and/or are transported from the bloodstream.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIncreased capacity to maintain glucose homeostasis in a transgenic mouse expressing human but not mouse growth hormone with developing high-fat diet-related insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis and adipose dysfunction.
J Mol Endocrinol
August 2024
Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
The objective was to assess the potential differential effects of human versus mouse growth hormone in vivo, given that human unlike mouse growth hormone can bind prolactin as well as the growth hormone receptor. To this end, a transgenic CD-1 mouse expressing human but not mouse growth hormone was generated, and the phenotypes of male mice fed with a regular chow or high-fat diet were assessed. Pancreas and epididymal white adipose tissue gene expression and/or related function were targeted as the pancreas responds to both prolactin and growth hormone receptor signaling, and catabolic effects like lipolytic activity are more directly attributable to growth hormone and growth hormone receptor signaling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlasma adiponectin/leptin ratio associates with subcutaneous abdominal and omental adipose tissue characteristics in women.
BMC Endocr Disord
March 2024
Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec City, Canada.
Background: A better understanding of adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction, which includes morphological and functional changes such as adipocyte hypertrophy as well as impaired adipogenesis, lipid storage/mobilization, endocrine and inflammatory responses, is needed in the context of obesity. One dimension of AT dysfunction, secretory adiposopathy, often assessed as a low plasma adiponectin (A)/leptin (L) ratio, is commonly observed in obesity. The aim of this study was to examine markers of AT development and metabolism in 67 women of varying age and adiposity (age: 40-62 years; body mass index, BMI: 17-41 kg/m) according to levels of adiponectinemia, leptinemia or the plasma A/L ratio.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMammalian target of rapamycin inhibition impacts energy homeostasis and induces sex-specific body weight loss in humans.
J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle
December 2023
Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a co-operation between Charité - Universitätsmedizin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated the effects of everolimus on body weight in 433 adults with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), revealing significant weight loss in female patients compared to males during the treatment.
- Everolimus led to a notable decrease in caloric intake, especially in female patients, suggesting that dietary changes may contribute to the observed weight loss.
- The findings indicate a potential gender difference in response to everolimus, highlighting the need for further research into the causes of weight reduction and its implications for patient care.
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