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Genetic ancestry superpopulations show distinct prevalence and outcomes across pediatric central nervous system tumors from the PBTA and PNOC.
Neuro Oncol
January 2025
Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Background: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors lead to cancer-related mortality in children. Genetic ancestry-associated cancer prevalence and outcomes have been studied, but is limited.
Methods: We performed genetic ancestry prediction in 1,452 pediatric patients with paired normal and tumor whole genome sequencing from the Open Pediatric Cancer (OpenPedCan) project to evaluate the influence of reported race and ethnicity and ancestry-based genetic superpopulations on tumor histology, molecular subtype, survival, and treatment.
Distribution of opioid analgesics by community racial/ethnic and socioeconomic profiles, 2011-2021.
Pain
January 2025
Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
Rapid declines in opioid analgesics dispensed in American communities since 2011 raise concerns about inadequate access to effective pain management among patients for whom opioid therapies are appropriate, especially for those living in racial/ethnic minority and socioeconomically deprived communities. Using 2011 to 2021 national data from the Automated Reports and Consolidated Ordering System and generalized linear models, this study examined quarterly per capita distribution of oxycodone, hydrocodone, and morphine (in oral morphine milligram equivalents [MMEs]) by communities' racial/ethnic and socioeconomic profiles. Communities (defined by 3-digit-zip codes areas) were classified as "majority White" (≥50% self-reported non-Hispanic White population) vs "majority non-White.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchizophrenia and retention in HIV care among adults insured through Medicaid in the United States: a population-based retrospective cohort study.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California-San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, California 675 18th Street, San Francisco, CA 94107.
Background: People with schizophrenia spectrum disorders are at elevated risk of HIV, and people with both HIV and schizophrenia are at elevated risk of death compared to individuals with either diagnosis alone. Limited research has assessed the HIV care cascade, and in particular retention in care, among people with HIV (PWH) and schizophrenia in the U.S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpatially resolved transcriptomics of benign and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors.
Neuro Oncol
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg.
Background: Peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs) encompass entities with different cellular differentiation and degrees of malignancy. Spatial heterogeneity complicates diagnosis and grading of PNSTs in some cases. In malignant PNST (MPNST) for example, single cell sequencing data has shown dissimilar differentiation states of tumor cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDose-Response Relationship of Phloretin Therapy on Water and Glucose Transport during Experimental Peritoneal Dialysis.
Kidney360
January 2025
Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Clinical Sciences Lund, Department of Nephrology, Lund, Sweden.
Background: Water retention, ultrafiltration insufficiency, and metabolic complications due to abnormally high glucose concentrations are still common problems in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis. Phloretin, a nonselective inhibitor of facilitative glucose transporter channels (GLUT), has shown to improve water transport and lower glucose absorption in experimental peritoneal dialysis. However, the dose-response relationship remains unknown, and we therefore performed a dose-response study to elucidate the pharmacodynamic properties of intra-peritoneal phloretin therapy.
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