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The current state of using post-mortem computed tomography for personal identification beyond odontology - A systematic literature review.
Forensic Sci Int
January 2025
Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Wojciecha Oczki 1, Warsaw 02-007, Poland.
Individual identification of unknown deceased is a vital function carried out by medical professionals, thus many tools have been developed or tested towards its end. One of the tools tested and still being tested is post-mortem computed tomography [PMCT]. This review aims to summarise the current state of using PMCT for personal identification beyond odontology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExceptional Uptake, Limited Protein Expression: Liver Macrophages Lost in Translation of Synthetic mRNA.
Adv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
Most gene therapies exert their actions via manipulation of hepatocytes (parenchymal cells) and the reasons behind the suboptimal performance of synthetic mRNA in non-parenchymal cells (NPC) such as Kupffer cells (KC), and liver macrophages, remain unclear. Here, the spatio-temporal distribution of mRNA encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (Egfp), siRNA, or both co-encapsulated into lipid nanoparticles (LNP) in the liver in vivo using real-time intravital imaging is investigated. Although both KC and hepatocytes demonstrate comparable high and rapid uptake of mRNA-LNP and siRNA-LNP in vivo, the translation of Egfp mRNA occurs exclusively in hepatocytes during intravital imaging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolygenic score distribution differences across European ancestry populations: implications for breast cancer risk prediction.
Breast Cancer Res
December 2024
Biostatistics Unit, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 6 Iroon Avenue, 2371 Ayios Dometios, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Background: The 313-variant polygenic risk score (PRS) provides a promising tool for clinical breast cancer risk prediction. However, evaluation of the PRS across different European populations which could influence risk estimation has not been performed.
Methods: We explored the distribution of PRS across European populations using genotype data from 94,072 females without breast cancer diagnosis, of European-ancestry from 21 countries participating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) and 223,316 females without breast cancer diagnosis from the UK Biobank.
Sex-stratified Genomic Structural Equation Models of Posttraumatic Stress Inform PTSD Etiology: L'utilisation de la modélisation génomique par équations structurelles stratifiée par sexe du stress post-traumatique pour expliquer l'étiologie du TSPT.
Can J Psychiatry
December 2024
Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- PTSD affects a notable percentage of the global population, with significant sex differences influencing its symptoms, yet the genetic factors behind these differences had been underexplored.
- A study conducted a multivariate genome-wide association study (GWAS) on UK Biobank individuals, revealing distinct symptom patterns for males and females and identifying specific significant genetic loci in females but not in males.
- The findings highlight the importance of considering sex when studying PTSD, suggesting that genetic factors may contribute to differing symptomatology and warrants further investigation into this area.
Research on correlation between DNA typing and trace characteristics of blood after thermal exposure.
Forensic Sci Int Genet
January 2025
Changzhou Blood Center, Changzhou 213004, China.
The identification of biological evidence is particularly important for criminal detection, and the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis plays a significant role in reconstructing events. However, bloodstains after thermal exposure in fires are quite unique compared to those in other scenes. Previous results regarding DNA recovery in bloodstains after heating are inconsistent with each other, which limits guidance for forensic science.
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