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LEA_4 motifs function alone and in conjunction with synergistic cosolutes to protect a labile enzyme during desiccation.
Protein Sci
February 2025
Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA.
Organisms from all kingdoms of life depend on Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) proteins to survive desiccation. LEA proteins are divided into broad families distinguished by the presence of family-specific motif sequences. The LEA_4 family, characterized by 11-residue motifs, plays a crucial role in the desiccation tolerance of numerous species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemical and temporal manipulation of early steps in protein assembly tunes the structure and intermolecular interactions of protein-based materials.
Protein Sci
February 2025
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Bryan, Texas, USA.
The Drosophila intrinsically disordered protein Ultrabithorax (Ubx) undergoes a series of phase transitions, beginning with noncovalent interactions between apparently randomly organized monomers, and evolving over time to form increasingly ordered coacervates. This assembly process ends when specific dityrosine covalent bonds lock the monomers in place, forming macroscale materials. Inspired by this hierarchical, multistep assembly process, we analyzed the impact of protein concentration, assembly time, and subphase composition on the early, noncovalent stages of Ubx assembly, which are extremely sensitive to their environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEntropy-based methods for formulating bottom-up ultra-coarse-grained models.
J Chem Phys
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, James Franck Institute, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
Bottom-up coarse-grained (CG) modeling is an effective means of bypassing the limited spatiotemporal scales of conventional atomistic molecular dynamics while retaining essential information from the atomistic model. A central challenge in CG modeling is the trade-off between accuracy and efficiency, as the inclusion of often pivotal many-body interaction terms in the CG force-field renders simulation markedly slower than simple pairwise models. The Ultra Coarse-Graining (UCG) method incorporates many-body terms through discrete internal state variables that modulate the CG force-field according to, e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBotulinum neurotoxins exploit host digestive proteases to boost their oral toxicity via activating OrfXs/P47.
Nat Struct Mol Biol
January 2025
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) rank among the most potent toxins and many of them are produced by bacteria carrying the orfX gene cluster that also encodes four nontoxic proteins (OrfX1, OrfX2, OrfX3 and P47). The orfX gene cluster is also found in the genomes of many non-BoNT-producing bacteria, often alongside genes encoding oral insecticidal toxins. However, the functions of these OrfXs and P47 remain elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInterferon (IFN)-gamma (γ) inducible protein 10 (IP-10) in the diagnosis of latent and active tuberculosis in Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG)-vaccinated pediatric population.
PLoS One
January 2025
Regional Specialized Hospital of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases, and Rehabilitation in Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Background: Accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in children continues to be challenging, primarily due to the low bacterial load characteristic of the disease and the obstacles in collecting sputum samples. Furthermore, detecting cases of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection (LTBI) that have a high risk of progressing to active TB disease remains a significant diagnostic hurdle.
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