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What we (don't) know about parrot welfare: Finding welfare indicators through a systematic literature review.
Anim Welf
December 2024
Centre for Animal Nutrition and Welfare, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
Parrots are popular companion animals but show prevalent and at times severe welfare issues. Nonetheless, there are no scientific tools available to assess parrot welfare. The aim of this systematic review was to identify valid and feasible outcome measures that could be used as welfare indicators for companion parrots.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbstractExtreme cold events, which have become more frequent, can revert the direction of long-term responses to climate change. In 2021, record snowstorms swept the United States, causing wildlife die-offs that may have been associated with rapid natural selection. Our objective was to determine whether the snowstorms caused natural selection in Eastern Bluebirds ().
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlumage polymorphism in the black sparrowhawk (Accipiter melanoleucus) is strongly associated with expression level of agouti signalling protein.
J Hered
November 2024
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the causes of plumage color variations in black sparrowhawks, focusing on the role of specific genes related to melanin production.
- It finds that adult color differences are linked to how eumelanin is distributed in their feathers, with no significant mutations in key genes (MC1R, ASIP) discovered for adult color morphs.
- For juvenile plumage, variations are attributed to levels of eumelanin and pheomelanin, showcasing a complex relationship with ASIP expression that challenges existing theories on how melanin types are produced.
A molecular mechanism for bright color variation in parrots.
Science
November 2024
CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal.
Parrots produce stunning plumage colors through unique pigments called psittacofulvins. However, the mechanism underlying their ability to generate a spectrum of vibrant yellows, reds, and greens remains enigmatic. We uncover a unifying chemical basis for a wide range of parrot plumage colors, which result from the selective deposition of red aldehyde- and yellow carboxyl-containing psittacofulvin molecules in developing feathers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPost-Hatching Development of Posture and Behavior in the Barn Owl (): From a General Behavioral Pattern of Vertebrates to the Typical Owl Behavior.
Biology (Basel)
October 2024
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
Hatching captive barn owl chicks underwent four developmental phases. In the first 10 days (phase 1), behavior consisted of lateral movements that gradually changed to forward progression and peaked a few days before and after eye-opening. This behavior resembled a general developmental pattern that characterizes other vertebrates.
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