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Expectancy value theory's contribution to unpacking the black box of motivation.
Behav Brain Sci
January 2025
Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD,
Although in basic agreement with Murayama and Jach's call for greater attention to the black boxes underlying motivated behavior, we provide examples of our published suggestions regarding how subjective task value (and ability self-concepts) "gets into people's knowledge structures." We suggest additional mental computational processes to investigate and call for a developmental and situated individual differences approach to this work.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSLC29A1 and SLC29A2 are human nicotinamide cell membrane transporters.
Nat Commun
January 2025
College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Nicotinamide (NAM), a main precursor of NAD+, is essential for cellular fuel respiration, energy production, and other cellular processes. Transporters for other precursors of NAD+ such as nicotinic acid and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) have been identified, but the cellular transporter of nicotinamide has not been elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 and 2 (ENT1 and 2, encoded by SLC29A1 and 2) drive cellular nicotinamide uptake and establish nicotinamide metabolism homeostasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFiber Length Distribution Characterizes the Brain Network Maturation during Early School-age.
Neuroimage
January 2025
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Institute of Brain and Education Innovation, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, China; NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science, New York University Shanghai, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:
Environmental and social changes during early school age have a profound impact on brain development. However, it remains unclear how the brains of typically-developing children adjust white matter to optimize network topology during this period. This study aims to propose the fiber length distribution as a novel nodal metric to capture the continuous maturation of brain network.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper is based on a presentation made at the 9th London-Innsbruck Colloquium on Status Epilepticus and Acute Seizures in April 2024. Status Epilepticus (SE) is a neurological emergency involving prolonged seizures that disrupt brain function and may cause severe, long-term neurological damage. Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathies (DEEs), a group of severe genetic disorders with early-onset epilepsy, often exhibit SE episodes that compound their inherent cognitive and developmental challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObesity phenotypes and dyslipidemia in adults from four African countries: An H3Africa AWI-Gen study.
PLoS One
January 2025
Faculty of Health Sciences, Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Johannesburg.
Introduction: The contribution of obesity phenotypes to dyslipidaemia in middle-aged adults from four sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries at different stages of the epidemiological transition has not been reported. We characterized lipid levels and investigated their relation with the growing burden of obesity in SSA countries.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya and South Africa.
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