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Unlabelled: Therapeutic muds (peloids), which are widely used for body healing, improve metabolism and have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects due to enrichment with necessary microelements and biological active substances. However, the microbiological component of these effects is not well studied.

Objective: To characterize the microbiome of therapeutic muds, used in the Tatarstan Republic, by identifying spectrum of cultivated microorganisms, using molecular analysis of bacterial communities, and by determining their biodiversity and functional potential based on revealed genetic determinants.

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Criterion of the epidemic safety of drinking water is the absence of pathogenic and potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Currently, water quality control is performed in terms of the index of total coliform bacteria (TCB). TCB index oriented to the labile lactose sign has not sufficient relevance in the determination of the degree of the epidemic danger in the water use in relation to Salmonella and potentially pathogenic microorganisms.

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These are presented drinking water regulations in Ukraine on microbiological indices in the new state document "Hygienic Drinking water regulations intended for human consumption" (State sanitary regulations and standards (GsanPiN) 2.2.4-171-10).

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Airway damage in intensive care unit patients at surgical hospitals is a common manifestation of nosocomial pyoseptic infections. Artificial ventilation (AV) apparatuses used in a therapeutic and diagnostic process are vital to the transmission of their pathogens. The paper shows that various units and surfaces of the apparatuses are differently contaminated with nosocomial microorganisms.

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Threat of emergence and spreading of dangerous intestinal infections determines the necessity to control for water quality in its sources in respect of sanitary-indicative microorganisms, thermo-tolerant coliforms and lactose-negative intestinal bacilli testifying fecal pollution. Standard techniques for isolation of enterobacteria are based on use of lactose-containing inhibitory and non-inhibitory growth media such as lactase-peptone and Kessler media. Development of standard, effective, and reliable for use in laboratory conditions accumulation medium for detection of enterobacteria aimed to increase reliability of sanitary-bacteriological monitoring of objects of aquatic environment.

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