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Impact of proxymetacaine on the dynamics of cyclopentolate in White 6- to 7-year-olds.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt
January 2025
School of Physics, Clinical & Optometric Sciences, Centre for Eye Research Ireland, Sustainability & Health Research Centre, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Purpose: This study compared the efficacy of cyclopentolate hydrochloride at 10-, 20- and 30-min post-instillation in White 6- to 7-year-olds, with and without prior instillation of proxymetacaine hydrochloride. The primary aim was to determine if accurate autorefraction values can be obtained sooner than the current standard of 30-min post-cycloplegia. The secondary aim was to investigate whether proxymetacaine hydrochloride enhances the efficiency of cyclopentolate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvolvement of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated cholinergic neurotransmission in TMS-EEG responses.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
January 2025
Department of Neurology & Stroke, University of Tübingen, Germany; Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Germany. Electronic address:
The combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) is emerging as a valuable tool for investigating brain functions in health and disease. However, the detailed neural mechanisms underlying TMS-EEG responses, including TMS-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs) and TMS-induced EEG oscillations (TIOs), remain largely unknown. Combining TMS-EEG with pharmacological interventions provides a unique opportunity to elucidate the roles of specific receptor-mediated neurotransmissions in these responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutonomic modulation impacts conduction velocity dynamics and wavefront propagation in the left atrium.
Europace
August 2024
Electrophysiology Department, Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, W Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE, UK.
Article Synopsis
- The heart condition atrial fibrillation (AF) is linked to problems like atrial fibrosis and changes in nerve signals, which can affect how fast electrical signals move through the heart's atrium.* -
- Doctors studied data from 54 patients to see how different factors including heart voltage and nerve stimulation affected the speed of these signals and where they changed direction, known as pivot points.* -
- The findings showed that the type of heart tissue and nerve activity can slow down these signals and create more areas where the signals change direction, helping us understand how AF works better.*
Intracameral Anaesthetic Mydriatic Versus Topical Mydriasis in Pediatric Cataract Surgery: A Randomized Control Study.
Am J Ophthalmol
December 2024
Department of Anaesthesia (I.S.), Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Purpose: To compare pupil dynamics after using premixed intracameral anesthetic mydriatic combination (ICAM) of phenylephrine (0.31%), tropicamide (0.02%), and lidocaine (1%) versus topical mydriatic (TM) drops consisting of tropicamide 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex differences in cholinergic signaling affect functional outcomes for theta-gamma coordination in hippocampal subcircuits following experimental febrile status epilepticus.
Epilepsia
July 2024
Epilepsy Cognition and Development Group, Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
Objective: Sex determines cognitive outcome in animal models of early life seizure, where males exhibit impaired hippocampal-dependent learning and memory compared with females. The physiological underpinnings of this sex effect are unclear. Cholinergic signaling is essential for the generation of hippocampal oscillations, and supplementation of cholinergic precursors prior to status epilepticus in immature male rats prevents subsequent memory deficits.
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