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Smooth Muscle Mechanosensitivity Generates and Maintains Pressure Gradients Across the Intestine.
Neurogastroenterol Motil
December 2024
Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes UMR 7057, Université Paris Cité/CNRS, Paris, France.
Background: The gut, the ureter, or the Fallopian tube all transport biological fluids by generating trains of propagating smooth muscle constrictions collectively known as peristalsis. These tubes connect body compartments at different pressures. We extend here Poiseuille's experiments on liquid flow in inert tubes to an active, mechanosensitive tube: the intestine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZuojin Pill enhances gastrointestinal motility by modulating the pacemaker potentials in interstitial cells of Cajal through multiple signaling pathways.
Int J Med Sci
December 2024
Department of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.
Article Synopsis
- Zuojin Pill (ZJP) is a traditional herbal remedy aimed at treating gastrointestinal disorders, and the study explores how it affects interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) and gut movement in mice.
- The research found that ZJP depolarizes ICCs, reducing their pacemaker activity and affecting calcium signaling, which is crucial for normal GI motility; this process is influenced by specific receptor interactions and various signaling pathways.
- Additionally, ZJP improved intestinal transit in mouse models of GI motility disorders and increased levels of key substances that promote gut movement, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent in digestive health.
Novel insights into mechanisms of inhibition of colonic motility by loperamide.
Front Neurosci
August 2024
AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Background: It is well known that opiates slow gastrointestinal (GI) transit, via suppression of enteric cholinergic neurotransmission throughout the GI tract, particularly the large intestine where constipation is commonly induced. It is not clear whether there is uniform suppression of enteric neurotransmission and colonic motility across the full length of the colon. Here, we investigated whether regional changes in colonic motility occur using the peripherally-restricted mu opioid agonist, loperamide to inhibit colonic motor complexes (CMCs) in isolated mouse colon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhrenic Ampulla Emptying Dysfunction in Patients with Esophageal Symptoms.
J Neurogastroenterol Motil
October 2024
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Background/aims: Pharyngeal pump, esophageal peristalsis, and phrenic ampulla emptying play important roles in the propulsion of bolus from the mouth to the stomach. There is limited information available on the mechanism of normal and abnormal phrenic ampulla emptying. The goal of our study is to describe the relationship between bolus flow and esophageal pressure profiles during the phrenic ampulla emptying in normal subjects and patient with phrenic ampulla dysfunction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of particle size and feed form on performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibility, and gastrointestinal tract development of broilers at 39 d of age.
Poult Sci
March 2024
Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36830, USA. Electronic address:
The objective of this study was to evaluate combined effects of corn particle size and feed form on performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibility, and gastrointestinal tract development of broilers from 1 to 39 d of age. A total of 1,800 days old, male Cobb 500 broilers were randomly assigned to 9 dietary treatments with 8 replicate pens (25 birds/pen). The experiment consisted of a factorial arrangement of 3 corn particle sizes (750, 1,150, and 1,550 μm) and 3 feed forms (mash, 3- and 4-mm pellets) provided from 1 to 39 d.
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