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Interactions between contaminants and the trophic ecology of two seabirds in a coastal lagoon of the Gulf of California.

Ecotoxicology

January 2025

Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México.

Monitoring the dynamics of contaminants in ecosystems helps understand their potential effects. Seabirds have been used as biomonitors of marine ecosystems for this purpose. However, exposure and vulnerability to pollutants are understudied in tropical species, and the relationships between various pollutants and the trophic ecology of seabirds are poorly understood.

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Background: One of the common findings in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients has been long-term exposure to environmental toxins such as pesticides. However, the data available shows an equivocal association between pesticide exposure and autoimmunity in SSc.

Methods: We investigated the levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in blood of 20 SSc patients and 17 healthy controls, and also studied their effect on T lymphocytes and their functional responses.

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Association of Hepatic Gene Expression with Chemical Concentrations in Wild-Collected Double-Crested Cormorant Embryos using an EcoToxChip Gene Array.

Environ Sci Technol

January 2025

Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.

Contaminant monitoring programs use wild bird eggs, but determining whether measured concentrations elicit adverse effects relies on extrapolation from toxicity studies with avian model species. Here, we directly evaluated the relationships between whole embryo contaminant concentrations and mRNA expression in liver tissue of the double-crested cormorant (). Eggs collected from three North American sites (one from Lake Erie and two from the Salish Sea) were artificially incubated until pipping.

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The groundwater at the Sardas landfill in Huesca, Spain, is contaminated with benzene, chlorobenzenes, and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers due to illegal waste dumping from a former lindane factory. In this study, microcosms using field-derived groundwater to evaluate in situ bioremediation were constructed. Anaerobic biostimulation with lactate successfully transformed α-, β-, δ-, and γ-HCH within two weeks, but failed to degrade benzene and less chlorinated benzenes, even with nutrient addition.

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Article Synopsis
  • Researchers discovered an indigenous bacterial strain, Exiguobacterium sp. (L.O), from sugarcane fields in Tamil Nadu that can break down dimethoate, a pesticide, achieving a 95.87% degradation rate within 5 days.
  • The strain utilized dimethoate as its only carbon source and released less toxic by-products, confirmed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and FTIR analyses, indicating a clear metabolic breakdown pathway.
  • In addition to its pesticide-degrading abilities, Exiguobacterium sp. (L.O) promotes plant growth by producing beneficial compounds, making it a promising candidate for sustainable agricultural practices and bioremediation efforts.
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