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GnRH pulse generator activity in mouse models of polycystic ovary syndrome.
Elife
January 2025
Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Article Synopsis
- One in ten women of reproductive age have PCOS, characterized by subfertility, high LH levels, and potential dysfunction in the kisspeptin neurons that regulate GnRH.
- Researchers studied the GnRH pulse generator in two mouse models of PCOS: the peripubertal androgen (PPA) model showed fewer synchronized neuron events, while the prenatal androgen (PNA) model revealed variable GnRH activity but cyclical patterns indicating complexity.
- Findings indicate that in the PNA model, ARN neurons had increased activity during specific stages and less sensitivity to progesterone, highlighting the need to understand GnRH regulation in PCOS-related conditions.
The satiety hormone cholecystokinin gates reproduction in fish by controlling gonadotropin secretion.
Elife
December 2024
Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
Life histories of oviparous species dictate high metabolic investment in the process of gonadal development leading to ovulation. In vertebrates, these two distinct processes are controlled by the gonadotropins follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), respectively. While it was suggested that a common secretagogue, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), oversees both functions, the generation of loss-of-function fish challenged this view.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPIT-1/SF-1 co-expression in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) with comprehensive review of the literature: How should we best characterize these neoplasms?
Ann Diagn Pathol
February 2025
Department of Pathology, University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address:
The nomenclature and classification of neuroendocrine tumors of the anterior pituitary have undergone significant change over the last few years. Despite the updated classification system as devised by the World Health Organization, some tumors do not fit neatly into the currently defined categories. The most common tumor type not defined by the updated guidelines is a pituitary neuroendocrine tumor with co-expression of SF-1 and PIT-1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessment of risk factors associated with post-molar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia: a retrospective cohort.
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet
November 2024
Universidade Estadual de Campinas CampinasSP Brazil Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Objective: Evaluate the risk factors for the development of post-molar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.
Methods: Retrospective cohort study with 320 women with gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) followed in a tertiary hospital from January 2005 to January 2020. Data referring to the women's sociodemographic profile, clinical, laboratory and treatment aspects and types of GTD were analyzed.
Distribution and calcium signaling function of somatostatin receptor subtypes in rat pituitary.
Cell Calcium
December 2024
Section on Cellular Signaling, The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda. USA. Electronic address:
The somatostatin (SST) receptor family controls pituitary hormone secretion, but the distribution and specific roles of these receptors on the excitability and voltage-gated calcium signaling of hormone producing pituitary cells have not been fully characterized. Here we show that the rat pituitary gland expressed Sstr1, Sstr2, Sstr3, and Sstr5 receptor genes in a cell type-specific manner: Sstr1 and Sstr2 in thyrotrophs, Sstr3 in gonadotrophs and lactotrophs, Sstr2, Sstr3, and Sstr5 in somatotrophs, and none in corticotrophs and melanotrophs. Most gonadotrophs and thyrotrophs spontaneously fired high-amplitude single action potentials, which were silenced by SST without affecting intracellular calcium concentrations.
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