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State of the Art Review: Vascular Remodeling in Hypertension.

Am J Hypertens

January 2023

Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.

Although the gold-standard method for the assessment of structural alteration in small resistance arteries is the evaluation of the MLR by micromyography in bioptic tissues, new, noninvasive techniques are presently under development, focusing mainly on the evaluation of WLR in retinal arterioles. These approaches represent a promising and interesting future perspective. Appropriate antihypertensive treatment is able to prevent the development of microvascular alterations or to induce their regression.

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Aims: In patients with heart failure (HF), chronically raised left ventricular (LV) filling pressures lead to progressive left atrial (LA) dysfunction and fibrosis. We aimed to assess the correlation of LA reservoir strain (peak atrial longitudinal strain, PALS) by speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) and LA fibrosis assessed by myocardial biopsy in patients undergoing heart transplantation (HTx).

Methods And Results: Forty-eight patients with advanced HF [mean age 51.

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One of the generally recognized factors contributing to the initiation and maintenance of atrial fibrillation (AF) is structural remodeling of the myocardium that affects both atrial cardiomyocytes as well as interstitium. The goal of this study was to characterize morphologically and functionally interstitium of atria in patients with AF or in sinus rhythm (SR) who were indicated to heart surgery. Patient population consisted of 46 subjects (19 with long-term persistent AF, and 27 in SR) undergoing coronary bypass or valve surgery.

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Patients with myocarditis and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction may improve after standard heart failure therapy. This improvement seems to be related to retreat of myocardial inflammation. The aim of the present study was to assess changes in clinical, echocardiographic and some laboratory parameters and to correlate them with changes in the number of inflammatory infiltrating cells in endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) samples during the 6-month follow-up, and to define predictors of LV function improvement among baseline parameters.

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Background And Aims: Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is usually characterised by a poor outcome in the short-term; clinical and instrumental features are heterogeneous and could characterise subgroups with different prognoses. The aim of our study was to describe a subgroup of patients with CA showing an impressive favourable long-term survival.

Methods: Out of 50 patients (males 65%, 63 ± 11 years) with an echocardiographic and bioptic diagnosis of CA observed from 1991 to 2009, we selected a subgroup of patients surviving more than 50 months from diagnosis (group 1).

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