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A Gate-Opening Control Strategy via Nitrate-Chloride Anion Exchange for Enhanced Hydrogen Isotope Separation in Metal-Organic Frameworks.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
Efficient separation of hydrogen isotopes, especially deuterium (D), is pivotal for advancing industries such as nuclear fusion, semiconductor processing, and metabolic imaging. Current technologies, including cryogenic distillation and Girdler sulfide processes, suffer from significant limitations in selectivity and cost-effectiveness. Herein, we introduce a novel approach utilizing an imidazolium-based Metal-Organic Framework (MOF), JCM-1, designed to enhance D/H separation through temperature-dependent gate-opening controlled by ion exchange.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltra-fast single-crystal CVD diamonds in the particle time-of-flight (PTOF) detector for low yield burn-history measurements on the NIF (invited).
Rev Sci Instrum
January 2025
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
The Particle Time of Flight (PTOF) diagnostic is a chemical vapor deposition diamond-based detector and is the only diagnostic for measuring nuclear bang times of low yield (<1013) shots on the National Ignition Facility. Recently, a comprehensive study of detector impulse responses revealed certain detectors with very fast and consistent impulse responses with a rise time of <50 ps, enabling low yield burn history measurements. At the current standoff of 50 cm, this measurement is possible with fast 14 MeV neutrons from deuterium-tritium (DT) fusion plasmas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTRAMP assembly alters the conformation and RNA binding of Mtr4 and Trf4-Air2.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080.
Article Synopsis
- The TRAMP complex is crucial for RNA processing and features two key enzymatic activities that involve both polyadenylation and unwinding of RNA.
- New research using hydrogen-deuterium exchange data reveals insights into how TRAMP assembles and shuffles RNA between its catalytic sites, which are not fully understood.
- Findings indicate that peripheral RNA-recognition motifs affect TRAMP assembly and that different active-site subunits interact with tRNA in ways that influence RNA transfer between TRAMP components.
Comprehensive Analysis of Deuterium Isotope Effects on Ionic HOπ Interactions Using Multi-Component Quantum Mechanics Methods.
J Comput Chem
January 2025
Graduate School of NanobioScience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Deuterium isotope effects on interaction energies and geometrical parameters in several HO(DO)ene and HO+(DO)yne complexes, which involve O-H(D)π interactions, have been analyzed using the MP2 level of the multi-component molecular orbital method (MC_MP2), which can incorporate the nuclear quantum effects of light nuclei, such as protons and deuterons. The MC_MP2 calculations revealed that DO replacement reduced the interaction energies of the complexes and induced changes in geometrical parameters. In addition, natural energy decomposition analysis (NEDA) revealed a strong correlation between the H/D isotope effects on the H/Dπ distances and on each energy component.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMechanisms behind the surprising observation of supra-thermal ions in NIF's fusion burning plasmas.
Sci Bull (Beijing)
December 2024
Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. Electronic address:
Although ignition had been achieved at the National Ignition Facility (NIF), recent observations of the experiments indicate novel physics that beyond theoretical predictions emerge, e.g., the neutron analysis of experiments has revealed deviations from the Maxwellian distributions in ion relative kinetic energies of burning plasmas, with the surprising emergence of supra-thermal deuterium and tritium (DT) ions that fall outside the predictions of macroscopic statistical hydrodynamic models.
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