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Lewy body diseases and the gut.
Mol Neurodegener
January 2025
Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA.
Gastrointestinal (GI) involvement in Lewy body diseases (LBDs) has been observed since the initial descriptions of patients by James Parkinson. Recent experimental and human observational studies raise the possibility that pathogenic alpha-synuclein (⍺-syn) might develop in the GI tract and subsequently spread to susceptible brain regions. The cellular and mechanistic origins of ⍺-syn propagation in disease are under intense investigation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClaudin-11 regulates immunological barrier formation and spermatogonial proliferation through stem cell factor.
Commun Biol
January 2025
Department of Histology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
Tight junctions (TJs) between adjacent Sertoli cells are believed to form immunological barriers that protect spermatogenic cells expressing autoantigens from autoimmune responses. However, there is no direct evidence that Sertoli cell TJs (SCTJs) do indeed form immunological barriers. Here, we analyzed male mice lacking claudin-11 (Cldn11), which encodes a SCTJ component, and found autoantibodies against antigens of spermatocytes/spermatids in their sera.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExecutioner caspases degrade essential mediators of pathogen-host interactions to inhibit growth of intracellular Listeria monocytogenes.
Cell Death Dis
January 2025
Faculty of Science and Medicine, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Anatomy unit, University of Fribourg, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
Cell death mediated by executioner caspases is essential during organ development and for organismal homeostasis. The mechanistic role of activated executioner caspases in antibacterial defense during infections with intracellular bacteria, such as Listeria monocytogenes, remains elusive. Cell death upon intracellular bacterial infections is considered altruistic to deprive the pathogens of their protective niche.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStroma-derived Dickkopf-1 contributes to the suppression of NK cell cytotoxicity in breast cancer.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Mechanisms related to tumor evasion from NK cell-mediated immune surveillance remain enigmatic. Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) is a Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor, whose levels correlate with breast cancer progression. We find DKK1 to be expressed by tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in patient samples and orthotopic breast tumors, and in bone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRole for neurological and immunological resilience in the pathway of the aging muscle powerpenia: InCHIANTI study longitudinal results.
Geroscience
January 2025
Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute On Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
The neuromuscular junction shows several degenerative changes with aging, resulting in a reduction of transmission efficacy. These changes, paired with low-grade chronic inflammation, were considered triggers of the aging muscle processes. The main objective of this study is to assess the role of leukocyte count-derived ratios, nerve conduction velocity (NCV), and compound muscle action potential (CMAP) in determining time-dependent reduction in lower limb muscle explosive strength, a condition that has been defined as powerpenia.
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