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Subarachnoid hemorrhage triggered by spinal cord vascular malformation in a pediatric patient: case report and review of literature.
Front Surg
January 2025
Department of Breast Surgery, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, Sichuan, China.
Background: Spinal cord vascular malformations (SCVMs) in children are relatively rare and present unique challenges due to their distinct physiological characteristics. These malformations often manifest with nonspecific clinical symptoms, increasing the likelihood of misdiagnosis. The treatment of pediatric SCVMs requires a tailored approach, with the choice between microsurgical intervention and endovascular embolization depending on the specific type of malformation and individual patient factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndividualized autoregulation-guided arterial blood pressure management in neurocritical care.
Neurotherapeutics
January 2025
Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA; Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA. Electronic address:
Cerebral autoregulation (CA) is the physiological process by which cerebral blood flow is maintained during fluctuations in arterial blood pressure (ABP). There are various validated methods to measure CA, either invasively, with intracranial pressure or brain tissue oxygenation monitors, or noninvasively, with transcranial Doppler ultrasound or near-infrared spectroscopy. Utilizing these monitors, researchers have been able to discern CA patterns in several pathological states, such as but not limited to acute ischemic stroke, spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, sepsis, and post-cardiac arrest, and they have found CA to be altered in these patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical Outcomes and Predictors of Poor Prognosis in Non-aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A 10-Year Cohort Analysis.
Cureus
December 2024
Neurosurgery, Hospital de Braga, Braga, PRT.
Introduction A large majority of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAH) are attributed to aneurysm rupture, though the cause remains unknown in a notable percentage of cases. Non-aneurysmal SAH (naSAH) is generally thought to follow a more benign clinical course than aneurysmal SAH (aSAH); however, similar complications may occur, and poor outcomes are still possible. Given the limited research on naSAH, this study aims to characterize these patients and correlate clinical and radiographic findings with outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrenatally diagnosed intracranial hemorrhage in the fetus is associated with a wide range of neonatal disorders, from completely uncomplicated physiological development to severe neurological impairment or death. The incidence is 0.6-1/1,000 births.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiffuse Axonal and Vascular Pathology in the Gyrencephalic Brain after High-Energy Blunt Injury: Clinicopathological Correlations Involving the Brainstem.
J Neurotrauma
December 2024
Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) after high-energy, behind helmet blunt trauma (BHBT) is an important but poorly understood clinical entity often associated with apnea and death in humans. In this study, we use a swine model of high-energy BHBT to characterize key neuropathologies and their association with acute respiratory decompensation. Animals with either stable or critical vital signs were euthanized within 4 h after injury for neuropathological assessment, with emphasis on axonal and vascular pathologies in the brainstem.
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