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Abrin Toxin Paradoxically Increases Protein Synthesis in Stimulated CD4 T-Cells While Decreasing Protein Synthesis in Kidney Cells.

Curr Issues Mol Biol

December 2024

Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA.

Abrin, a toxin of the rosary pea plant (), has been implicated as causing an autoimmune demyelinating disease in humans, but the exact mechanisms responsible for the induction of these demyelinating conditions are still unknown. Certain superantigen microbial toxins such as Staphylococcus enterotoxin type A, type D, type E or streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C also lead to various diseases including autoimmune disorders of the nervous system. Here, the effect of abrin toxin on the immune reaction was studied in human CD4 T-cell lines, and its inhibition of protein synthesis in kidney cells.

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Comparative in vitro efficacy of AR-12 derivatives against Streptococcus pyogenes.

J Antimicrob Chemother

December 2024

Department of Medical Laboratory Science, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.

Objectives: Group A Streptococcus (GAS) results in invasive diseases. Our published studies show that AR-12 can directly kill GAS. However, AR-12 is toxic to the human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1 cells) even at its MIC.

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Molecular shifts in dissolved organic matter along a burn severity continuum for common land cover types in the Pacific Northwest, USA.

Sci Total Environ

December 2024

Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Sequim, WA, USA; Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Natural Sciences & Mathematics, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • Increasing wildfire severity in the western U.S. affects the production and composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM), which is crucial for understanding its impact on ecosystems.
  • Current research on wildfire-affected DOM focuses on temperature, but this doesn't capture the full complexity of post-fire conditions characterized by burn severity.
  • This study used simulated burns to analyze DOM from various land cover types, revealing that burn severity alters DOM composition, leading to an increase in aromatic and nitrogen-containing compounds as severity rises, enhancing our understanding of DOM in real-world scenarios.
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Programming Bordetella pertussis lipid A to promote adjuvanticity.

Microb Cell Fact

September 2024

Department of Microbiology & Immunology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T1Z3, Canada.

Background: Bordetella pertussis is the causative agent of whooping cough or pertussis. Although both acellular (aP) and whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines protect against disease, the wP vaccine, which is highly reactogenic, is better at preventing colonization and transmission. Reactogenicity is mainly attributed to the lipid A moiety of B.

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Although bread is the principal food in most countries, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may be present and pose a potential risk to consumers. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive report on the concentration and health risks associated with PAHs in bread around the world. Various databases, such as Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, were searched from their beginnings until December 2023 for this systematic review, which included 34 potentially relevant articles with data relating to 1057 bread samples.

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