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Hymenoptera venom allergy in children.
Ital J Pediatr
December 2024
Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy.
From a taxonomic point of view, Hymenoptera are subclassified into families: Apidae, including honeybees (Apis mellifera) and bumblebees (Bombus), and Vespidae, which, in turn, are divided into the subfamilies of Vespinae (wasps, including hornets, vespules, dolichovespules) and Polistinae (paper wasp). Hypersensitivity to Hymenoptera venom can be linked to immunological (IgE-mediated or non-IgE-mediated) and non-immunological mechanisms. Reactions are classified into local reactions, large local reactions, systemic reactions, toxic reactions, and unusual reactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKounis syndrome following COVID-19 vaccination: Clinical manifestations, mechanisms and management.
Hum Vaccin Immunother
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
Article Synopsis
- Kounis syndrome is an acute coronary condition triggered by allergic reactions, resulting in heart damage and, in some cases, anaphylactic shock.
- This syndrome can occur as a rare side effect of COVID-19 vaccinations, highlighting the need for further case studies to improve understanding and treatments.
- Analysis of data from 15 patients revealed that the first vaccine dose is more likely to cause Kounis syndrome, emphasizing the importance of prompt diagnosis and monitoring for cardiac symptoms after vaccination.
Interleukin-38-overexpressing adenovirus infection in dendritic cell-based treatment enhances immunotherapy for allergic asthma via inducing Foxp3 regulatory T cells.
Biomed Pharmacother
December 2024
Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Allergic asthma is a chronic disease tied to unusual immune reactions involving type 2 T helper (Th2) cells specific to allergens. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in guiding T-cell responses. Regulatory T (Treg) cells have the ability to suppress effector T-cell responses, and interleukin (IL)-38 is involved in Treg cell differentiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComputed tomographic and endoscopic findings of multiple gastric anisakiasis.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig
December 2024
Medical Checkup, Naha City Hospital.
Article Synopsis
- A 36-year-old man experienced severe abdominal pain after eating raw fish, leading to a CT scan which indicated thickening of the gastric wall, raising suspicion for gastric anisakiasis.
- The endoscopy confirmed the presence of three Anisakis larvae in the gastric wall, which were successfully removed, alleviating the man's symptoms.
- Anisakiasis is an increasing global concern caused by consuming undercooked seafood; awareness among healthcare providers and proper seafood preparation is essential for prevention.
Chemical-Specific T Cell Tests Aim to Bridge a Gap in Skin Sensitization Evaluation.
Toxics
November 2024
German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Dermatotoxicology Study Centre, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
T cell activation is the final key event (KE4) in the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) of skin sensitization. However, validated new approach methodologies (NAMs) for evaluating this step are missing. Accordingly, chemicals that activate an unusually high frequency of T cells, as does the most prevalent metal allergen nickel, are not yet identified in a regulatory context.
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