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Estimating the epidemiological and economic impact of providing nutritional care for tuberculosis-affected households across India: a modelling study.

Lancet Glob Health

January 2025

TB Modelling Group, TB Centre, and Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.

Background: Approximately 20% of global tuberculosis incidence is attributable to undernutrition, increasing to more than a third in India. Targeting nutritional interventions to tuberculosis-affected households is a policy priority, but understanding of epidemiological and economic impacts is limited. We aimed to estimate the population-level epidemiological and economic effect of such an intervention.

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Retrospective modelling of the disease and mortality burden of the 1918-1920 influenza pandemic in Zurich, Switzerland.

Epidemics

January 2025

Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss School of Public Health SSPH+, Zurich, Switzerland; Crisis Competence Center, University of Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Background: Our study aims to enhance future pandemic preparedness by integrating lessons from historical pandemics, focusing on the multidimensional analysis of past outbreaks. It addresses the gap in existing modelling studies by combining various pandemic parameters in a comprehensive setting. Using Zurich as a case study, we seek a deeper understanding of pandemic dynamics to inform future scenarios.

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Microfluidics-enabled core/shell nanostructure assembly: Understanding encapsulation processes via particle characterization and molecular dynamics.

Adv Colloid Interface Sci

January 2025

Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Biocity (3rd fl.), Tykistökatu 6A, 20520 Turku, Finland; Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Biocity (5th fl.), Tykistökatu 6A, 20520 Turku, Finland. Electronic address:

In the realm of hybrid nanomaterials, the construction of core/shell nanoparticles offer an effective strategy for encompassing a particle by a polymeric or other suitable material, leading to a nanocomposite with distinct features within its structure. The polymer shell can be formed via nanoprecipitation, optimized by manipulating fluid flow, fluid mixing, modulating device features in microfluidics. In addition to the process optimization, success of polymer assembly in encapsulation strongly lies upon the favorable molecular interactions originating from the diverse chemical environment shared between core and shell materials facilitating formation of core/shell nanostructure.

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A statistical approach for interplanar spacing metrology at a relative uncertainty below 10 using scanning transmission electron microscopy.

Micron

January 2025

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel. Electronic address:

Atomic-scale metrology in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) allows to measure distances between individual atomic columns in crystals and is therefore an important aspect of their structural characterization. Furthermore, it allows to locally resolve strain in crystals and to calibrate precisely the pixel size in STEM. We present a method dedicated to the evaluation of interplanar spacing (d-spacing) based on an algorithm including curve fitting of processed high-angle annular dark-field STEM (HAADF STEM) signals.

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The pathogenic potential of airborne particles carrying the SARS-CoV-2 viral genome was examined by considering the size distribution of airborne particles at given distances from the respiratory zone of an infected patient after coughing or sneezing with a focus on time, temperature, and relative humidity. The results show an association between the size distribution of airborne particles, particularly PM and PM, and the presence of viral genome in different stations affected by the distance from the respiratory zone and the passage of time. The correlation with time was strong with all the dependent factors except PM.

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