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Effects of gut microbiota and metabolites on the host defense peptide expression.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
January 2025
National Engineering Research Center of Green Feeds and Healthy Livestock Industry, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
The widespread use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, which pose significant threats to animal health and food safety. Host defense peptides (HDPs) have emerged as promising alternatives because of their unique antimicrobial properties and minimal resistance induction. However, the high costs associated with HDP production and incorporation into animal management practices hinder their widespread application.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFINTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RUMINANT PHYSIOLOGY: Rumen fungi, archaea and their interactions.
J Dairy Sci
January 2025
Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China 210095.
Anaerobic gut fungi (AGF) were the last phylum to be identified within the rumen microbiome and account for 7-9% of microbial biomass. They produce potent lignocellulases that degrade recalcitrant plant cell walls, and rhizoids that can penetrate the cuticle of plant cells, exposing internal components to other microbiota. Interspecies H transfer between AGF and rumen methanogenic archaea is an essential metabolic process in the rumen that occurs during the reduction of CO to CH by methanogens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCore microbe Bifidobacterium in the hindgut of calves improves the growth phenotype of young hosts by regulating microbial functions and host metabolism.
Microbiome
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, International Calf and Heifer Organization, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
Background: The growth and health of young ruminants are regulated by their gut microbiome, which can have lifelong consequences. Compared with subjective grouping, phenotypic clustering might be a more comprehensive approach to revealing the relationship between calf growth state and core gut microbes. However, the identification of beneficial gut bacteria and its internal mechanisms of shaping host phenotype differentiation remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHaematobiochemical alterations and lesion characterization induced by haemonchosis in slaughtered sheep at Gondar ELFORA abattoir, Ethiopia.
BMC Vet Res
January 2025
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animals Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box: 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Haemonchosis is a major gastrointestinal parasitic infection in sheep caused by H. contortus. An abattoir-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to September 2024 to assess the haematobiochemical alterations and lesion characterization induced by haemonchosis in slaughtered sheep at Gondar ELFORA abattoir.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOsmoregulation affects elimination of microplastics in fish in freshwater and marine environments.
Sci Total Environ
January 2025
Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8563, Chiba, Japan; Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8564, Chiba, Japan.
In recent decades, microplastics (MPs) have emerged as one of the biggest environmental challenges in aquatic environments. Ingestion and toxicity of MPs in seawater (SW) and freshwater (FW) fish have been studied extensively both in field and laboratory settings. However, the basic mechanism of how fish deal with MPs in SW and FW remains unclear, although physiological conditions of fish differ significantly in the two environments.
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