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As speech-related symptoms of Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS) are often refractory to pharmacotherapy, and resective surgery is rarely available due to the involvement of the vital cortex, multiple subpial transection (MST) was suggested to improve patient outcome and preserve cortical functions. Here, we analyze the reports about MST use in LKS, regarding its impact on seizures, language, behavior, EEG, cognition, and reported adverse effects. In conditions like LKS, surgery is not a popular treatment option and presumably should be considered sooner.

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The Role of GABA Receptors in Anesthesia and Sedation: An Updated Review.

CNS Drugs

January 2025

Department of Anesthesiology, Jefferson Surgical Center Endoscopy, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Jefferson Health, 111 S 11th Street, #7132, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.

GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) receptors are constituents of many inhibitory synapses within the central nervous system. They are formed by 5 subunits out of 19 various subunits: α1-6, β1-3, γ1-3, δ, ε, θ, π, and ρ1-3. Two main subtypes of GABA receptors have been identified, namely GABAA and GABAB.

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Article Synopsis
  • Anesthesia for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) involves careful medication selection, including an induction agent and a neuromuscular blocker for muscle relaxation.
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  • Reducing the SCh dose to half improved the situation, leading to smoother treatments and preventing further episodes of hypoxia by allowing faster recovery of spontaneous breathing.
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Ni/Cu Dual-Catalyzed Propargylation for the Stereodivergent Synthesis of Methohexital.

Adv Sci (Weinh)

September 2024

Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.

The development of efficient methodologies for the controlled manufacture of specific stereoisomers bearing quaternary stereocenters has prompted advances in a variety of scientific disciplines including pharmaceutical chemistry, materials science, and chemical biology. However, complete control of the absolute and relative stereochemical configurations of alkyne derivatives remains an unmet synthetic challenge. Herein, a Ni/Cu dual-catalyzed asymmetric propargylic substitution reaction is presented to produce propargylated products with all-carbon quaternary stereocenters in high yields with significant diastereo- and enantioselectivities (up to >20:1 dr, >99% ee).

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