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Background: This review explores virtual reality (VR) and exercise simulator-based interventions for individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Past research indicates that both VR and simulator-based interventions enhance cognitive functions, such as executive function and memory, though their impacts on attention vary.

Objective: This study aimed to contribute to the ongoing scientific discourse on integrating technology-driven interventions into the management and evaluation of ADHD.

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Targeted insertion of heterogenous DNA using Cas9-gRNA ribonucleoprotein-mediated gene editing in .

Bioengineered

December 2025

Department of BioMedical Bigdata (BK21) and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.

Gene editing is emerging as a powerful tool for introducing novel functionalities in mushrooms. While CRISPR/Cas9-induced double-strand breaks (DSBs) typically rely on non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) for gene disruption, precise insertion of heterologous DNA in mushrooms is less explored. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of inserting donor DNAs (8-1008 bp) with or without homologous arms at Cas9-gRNA RNP-induced DSBs.

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Constructing well-dispersed active phase spontaneous redox for electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia.

Chem Commun (Camb)

January 2025

Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China.

In this study, a distinctive multiple core-shell structure of Co nanoparticles inserted into N-doped carbon dodecahedron@Co hydroxide (Co/NCD@Co(OH)) was synthesized a spontaneous redox reaction between metallic Co and NO, ultimately materializing the fine dispersion and exposure of the active sites. The electronic interaction existing between the Co/NCD core and the Co(OH) shell brings a synergistic effect, conspicuously lessens the overpotential, and reinforces the yield-rate and faradaic efficiency of NH for electrochemical nitrate-ammonia conversion. This study underlines the spontaneous redox between the catalysts and substrate, rendering it as a synthetic strategy for designing genuine and well-dispersed active sites.

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This study investigates the functionalization of gold-coated magnetoelastic sensors with thionine molecules, focusing on resonance frequency shifts. The functionalization process was characterized by using Raman spectroscopy and analyzed via scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, revealing the progressive formation of molecular clusters over time. Our results demonstrate that longer functionalization time leads to saturation of surface coverage and cluster formation, impacting the sensor's resonance frequency shifts.

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Metabolically stable apelin analogs: development and functional role in water balance and cardiovascular function.

Clin Sci (Lond)

January 2025

Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, College de France, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.

Apelin, a (neuro) vasoactive peptide, plays a prominent role in controlling water balance and cardiovascular functions. Apelin and its receptor co-localize with vasopressin in magnocellular vasopressinergic neurons. Apelin receptors (Apelin-Rs) are also expressed in the collecting ducts of the kidney, where vasopressin type 2 receptors are also present.

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