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Impact of dairy calf management practices on the intestinal tract microbiome pre-weaning.
J Med Microbiol
January 2025
Animal and Agriculture Department, Hartpury University, Gloucester, GL19 3BE, UK.
Microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) consisting of the rumen and hindgut (the small intestine, cecum and colon) in dairy calves play a vital role in their growth and development. This review discusses the development of dairy calf intestinal microbiomes with an emphasis on the impact that husbandry and rearing management have on microbiome development, health and growth of pre-weaned dairy calves. The diversity and composition of the microbes that colonize the lower GIT (small and large intestine) can have a significant impact on the growth and development of the calf, through influence on nutrient metabolism, immune modulation, resistance or susceptibility to infection, production outputs and behaviour modification in adult life.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdipokines regulate the development and progression of MASLD through organellar oxidative stress.
Hepatol Commun
February 2025
Central laboratory, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which is increasingly being recognized as a leading cause of chronic liver pathology globally, is increasing. The pathophysiological underpinnings of its progression, which is currently under active investigation, involve oxidative stress. Human adipose tissue, an integral endocrine organ, secretes an array of adipokines that are modulated by dietary patterns and lifestyle choices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDietary fat quantity and composition influence hepatic lipid metabolism and metabolic disease risk in humans.
Dis Model Mech
January 2025
Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK.
The excessive accumulation of intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) in the liver is a risk factor for metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. IHTG can excessively accumulate owing to imbalances in the delivery, synthesis, storage and disposal of fat to, in and from the liver. Although obesity is strongly associated with IHTG accumulation, emerging evidence suggests that the composition of dietary fat, in addition to its quantity, plays a role in mediating IHTG accumulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA critical review on effects of artificial sweeteners on gut microbiota and gastrointestinal health.
J Sci Food Agric
January 2025
Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, China.
Artificial sweeteners have emerged as popular alternatives to traditional sweeteners, driven by the growing concern over sugar consumption and its associated rise in obesity and metabolic disorders. Despite their widespread use, the safety and health implications of artificial sweeteners remain a topic of debate, with conflicting evidence contributing to uncertainty about their long-term effects. This review synthesizes current scientific evidence regarding the impact of artificial sweeteners on gut microbiota and gastrointestinal health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Impact of Chemotherapy on the Nutritional Status of Breast Cancer Patients.
Cureus
December 2024
Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, PAK.
Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among Pakistani women. It is mostly diagnosed at stage 2, requiring chemotherapy in certain cases. Chemotherapy is of two types: adjuvant and neoadjuvant.
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