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Insulin-degrading enzyme regulates insulin-directed cellular autoimmunity in murine type 1 diabetes.
Front Immunol
November 2024
Université Paris Cité, Institut National de la Santé et Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
Type 1 diabetes results from the destruction of pancreatic beta cells by autoreactive T cells. As an autoantigen with extremely high expression in beta cells, insulin triggers and sustains the autoimmune CD4 and CD8 T cell responses and islet inflammation. We have previously shown that deficiency for insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), a ubiquitous cytosolic protease with very high affinity for insulin, induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and proliferation in islet cells and protects non-obese diabetic mice (NOD) from diabetes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKynurenine pathway in type 2 diabetes: Role of metformin.
Drug Dev Res
August 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University, Damanhur, Egypt.
The Kynurenine pathway (KP) which is involved in the synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from tryptophan (Trp) is intricate in the development of insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Inflammatory reactions in response to cardiometabolic disorders can induce the development of IR through the augmentation of KP. However, kynurenine (KYN), a precursor of kynurenic acid (KA) is increased following physical exercise and involved in the reduction of IR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochemical study of the effect of lead exposure in nonobese gasoline station workers and risk of hyperglycemia: A retrospective case-control study.
Medicine (Baltimore)
August 2024
Department of Pharmacy, Al-Mustafa University College, Baghdad, Iraq.
Evaluate the relationship between blood lead (Pb) levels and other biomedical markers and the risk of diabetes in gasoline station workers. The participants were separated into 2 groups: group A consisted of 26 workers from gasoline filling stations, while group B comprised 26 healthy individuals. Serum levels of malondialdehyde, IL-1β, visfatin, insulin, fasting blood sugar, and vitamin D were assessed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSystemic/Immune-Modulation of Leaf Extract in Fetuses of Alloxan-Induced T1 Diabetic Rats.
J Med Food
October 2024
Embryology, Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Maternal glucose is the principal macronutrient that sustains fetal growth. Prolonged exposure of the fetus to hyperglycemia from the early stages of pregnancy accelerates the maturation of the stimulus-secretion coupling mechanism in β cell autoimmunity, which leads to early hyperinsulinemia in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Nowadays, diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common medical complication of pregnancy, and among young women, the prevalence of overt diabetes and undiagnosed hyperglycemia is rising.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTSPO in pancreatic beta cells and its possible involvement in type 2 diabetes.
Biochimie
September 2024
Sorbonne Université, Ecole normale supérieure, PSL University, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules, LBM, 75005, Paris, France. Electronic address:
Amyloidosis forms a large family of pathologies associated with amyloid deposit generated by the formation of amyloid fibrils or plaques. The amyloidogenic proteins and peptides involved in these processes are targeted against almost all organs. In brain they are associated with neurodegenerative disease, and the Translocator Protein (TSPO), overexpressed in these inflammatory conditions, is one of the target for the diagnostic.
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