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Ependymal cells SCOre sweet cerebrospinal fluid.
PLoS Biol
September 2023
Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America.
Article Synopsis
- The subcommissural organ (SCO) is a secretory tissue found in the brain's third ventricle.
- Recent research in PLOS Biology shows that the SCO reacts to glucose levels by releasing signaling molecules into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
- This secretion reduces the movement of CSF driven by the local ependyma cells.
Salient brain entities labelled in P2rx7-EGFP reporter mouse embryos include the septum, roof plate glial specializations and circumventricular ependymal organs.
Brain Struct Funct
April 2021
Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
The purinergic system is one of the oldest cell-to-cell communication mechanisms and exhibits relevant functions in the regulation of the central nervous system (CNS) development. Amongst the components of the purinergic system, the ionotropic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) stands out as a potential regulator of brain pathology and physiology. Thus, P2X7R is known to regulate crucial aspects of neuronal cell biology, including axonal elongation, path-finding, synapse formation and neuroprotection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCamel regulates development of the brain ventricular system.
Cell Tissue Res
February 2021
Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
Development of the brain ventricular system of vertebrates and the molecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood. The developmental genes expressed in the elements of the brain ventricular system such as the ependyma and circumventricular organs act as molecular determinants of cell adhesion critical for the formation of brain ventricular system. They control brain development and function, including the flow of cerebrospinal fluid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe subcommissural organ and the Reissner fiber: old friends revisited.
Cell Tissue Res
February 2019
Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
The subcommissural organ (SCO) is an ancient and conserved brain gland secreting into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glycoproteins that form the Reissner fiber (RF). The present investigation was designed to further investigate the dynamic of the biosynthetic process of RF glycoproteins prior and after their release into the CSF, to identify the RF proteome and N-glycome and to clarify the mechanism of assembly of RF glycoproteins. Various methodological approaches were used: biosynthetic labelling injecting S-cysteine and H-galactose into the CSF, injection of antibodies against galectin-1 into the cerebrospinal fluid, light and electron microscopical methods; isolated bovine RF was used for proteome analyses by mass spectrometry and glycome analysis by xCGE-LIF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpression of a Novel Ciliary Protein, IIIG9, During the Differentiation and Maturation of Ependymal Cells.
Mol Neurobiol
February 2018
Departamento de Biología Celular, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Y Células Madres, Centro de Microscopía Avanzada CMA-BIO BIO, Facultad De Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
IIIG9 is the regulatory subunit 32 of protein phosphatase 1 (PPP1R32), a key phosphatase in the regulation of ciliary movement. IIIG9 localization is restricted to cilia in the trachea, fallopian tube, and testicle, suggesting its involvement in the polarization of ciliary epithelium. In the adult brain, IIIG9 mRNA has only been detected in ciliated ependymal cells that cover the ventricular walls.
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