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Noninvasive Assessment of Liver Fibrosis in Patients With Iron Overload.
Ultrasound Med Biol
December 2024
Center for Ultrasound Research and Translation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Objective: We assessed the diagnostic performance of ultrasound two-dimensional shear wave elastography (US 2D-SWE) to predict clinically significant fibrosis (CSF) in patients with serologic iron overload (SIO) and the subgroup with histologic liver iron overload (LIO).
Methods: A single-center retrospective cross-sectional study of adults with SIO (serum ferritin ≥ 200 ng/mL in females and ≥ 300 ng/mL in males) and suspected chronic liver disease with nonfocal liver biopsy results and US 2D-SWE exams within 1 year was performed. Histopathological fibrosis stage ≥2 and liver iron ≥2+ was considered CSF and LIO, respectively.
International survey on diagnostic reference levels based on clinical indications in plain radiography.
Eur Radiol
December 2024
Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Municipal Hospital Magdeburg, Birkenallee 34, 39130, Magdeburg, Germany.
Purpose: To collect and analyze radiation dose-related data as part of international cooperation; to define diagnostic reference levels (DRL) for 24 X-ray projections in plain radiography (DX) considering anatomical region, clinical task, and procedural technique; and to harmonize the exposure practice across country borders.
Methods: A multicenter study was performed in Austria, Germany, Italy, and Switzerland in 2022-23 to provide dose-related data. Healthcare facilities were asked to provide processed data from their dose management systems.
Deep learning-based body composition analysis from whole-body magnetic resonance imaging to predict all-cause mortality in a large western population.
EBioMedicine
December 2024
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- This study explores the use of advanced deep learning methods to automatically measure body composition from whole-body MRI scans, aiming to assess their ability to predict mortality in the general population.
- The investigation was based on data from two large Western European cohort studies, focusing on key body composition metrics such as subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and intramuscular fat.
- Results indicate significant associations between several volumetric body composition measures and mortality risk, highlighting the potential of automated techniques to improve clinical outcomes related to cardiometabolic diseases and cancer.
Outcomes by Retrospective Eligibility for Maintenance Therapy of Patients With Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma: Post Hoc Analysis of the Phase 3 KEYNOTE-361 Trial.
Clin Genitourin Cancer
October 2024
Barts Cancer Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London United Kingdom; Barts Cancer Institute, Barts Health NHS Trust, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Introduction: The phase 3 KEYNOTE-361 trial of first-line pembrolizumab with or without chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (la/mUC) completed enrollment before the approval of postchemotherapy maintenance avelumab for patients without progressive disease. This post hoc analysis evaluated the outcomes of patients who received chemotherapy alone in KEYNOTE-361 by retrospective eligibility for subsequent maintenance therapy.
Patients And Methods: Patients in the chemotherapy alone arm were retrospectively categorized as maintenance eligible (received ≥4 cycles of chemotherapy and did not die or experience disease progression within 10 weeks of chemotherapy completion), maintenance ineligible (received <4 cycles of chemotherapy or had progressive disease or died within 0-10 weeks after completion of ≥4 cycles of chemotherapy), and indeterminate eligibility for maintenance therapy (if neither maintenance eligible or ineligible).
Simultaneous determination of cytosolic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activities by LC-MS/MS.
Nucleic Acids Res
December 2024
Department Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
In recent years, pathogenic variants in ARS genes, encoding aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs), have been associated with human disease. Patients harbouring pathogenic variants in ARS genes have clinical signs partly unique to certain aaRSs defects, partly overlapping between the different aaRSs defects. Diagnosis relies mostly on genetics and remains challenging, often requiring functional validation of new ARS variants.
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