Higher nervous activity of dogs was studied by classical Pavlovian method of alimentary salivary conditioned reflexes and serotonin content in blood was measured. Kynurenine sulfate in a dose of 300 + 300 mkg (bilaterally) was injected in the dorsal hippocampus region through chemiotrodes. In most cases the injection of the substance led to changes towards excitation (increase of conditioned and unconditioned alimentary salivation in the day of injection and the next day) and also to a rise of serotonin content in animals blood.
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Front Cell Infect Microbiol
January 2025
Scientific Research Department, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.
Objective: This study aims to explore the therapeutic mechanism of Massa Medicata Fermentata (MMF) with different formulations on spleen deficiency constipation in mice by analyzing gastrointestinal hormones, D-xylose, intestinal microbiota, and intestinal enzyme activities.
Methods: A spleen deficiency constipation model was established using an oral administration of Sennae Folium decoction combined with controlled diet and water intake. After successful model establishment, the mice with spleen deficiency constipation were treated with MMF S1, S2, S3.
J Exp Biol
January 2025
Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Peripheral arterial chemoreceptors monitor the levels of arterial blood gases and adjust ventilation and perfusion to meet metabolic demands. These chemoreceptors are present in all vertebrates studied to date but have not been described fully in reptiles other than turtles. The goals of this study were to 1) identify functional chemosensory areas in the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus) 2) determine the neurochemical content of putative chemosensory cells in these areas and 3) determine the role each area plays in ventilatory and cardiovascular control.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pharmacol
January 2025
Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería de Materiales, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Introduction: L. has been known as "hogweed" and used for inflammatory diseases, including fever, enteritis, and bronchitis, for many years worldwide. The genus is also prominently recognized for its high content of coumarins, which are considered a significant group of natural compounds known for their noteworthy anti-inflammatory properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Ethnopharmacol
January 2025
Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan. Electronic address:
Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The root of Valeriana fauriei Briq. (VF) is a folk medicine registered in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 18th Edition. Valeriana plants have been utilized as sedatives and antidepressants in Europe, but only a few pharmacological reports have focused on VF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Equine Vet Sci
January 2025
Department of Horse, Companion, and Wild Animal Science, College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University, Buksangju-ro 2559, Sangju, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37224, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Innovative Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, Buksangju-ro 2559, Sangju, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37224, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Enhancement of human-horse interaction is crucial for safety in equine management, as poor relationships between humans and horses can lead to accidents. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that is highly related to social affinity in animals and several studies have been documented that supplementation of tryptophan, which is a precursor of serotonin, can increase calmness of horses. This study aimed to assess the effect of tryptophan through soybean oil supplementation on serotonin concentrations and the behavior of horses.
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