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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, characterized by chronic mucus hypersecretion (CMH) that exacerbates airway obstruction and accelerates disease progression. Effective airway clearance techniques are essential to improve respiratory function and reduce exacerbations. Temporary Positive Expiratory Pressure (T-PEP) is a novel airway clearance device that has shown promise in managing COPD.

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Challenges in treating patients with comorbid asthma and bronchiectasis.

Respir Med

January 2025

Department of Internal Medicine ASL Salerno, 'Santa Maria della Speranza', Hospital, Salerno, Italy; Postgraduate Program in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy.

The management of patients with overlapping asthma and bronchiectasis requires a tailored approach, starting with a comprehensive assessment of the patient's clinical profile, including the severity of asthma and the extent of bronchiectasis. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are often recommended, but their use should be carefully monitored because of the risk of increased infection. If the asthma is well controlled and the bronchiectasis remains stable, a gradual reduction in the dose of ICS may be considered.

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Despite significant global reductions in cases of pneumonia during the last 3 decades, pneumonia remains the leading cause of post-neonatal mortality in children aged <5 years. Beyond the immediate disease burden it imposes, pneumonia contributes to long-term morbidity, including lung function deficits and bronchiectasis. Viruses are the most common cause of childhood pneumonia, but bacteria also play a crucial role.

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Background And Objective: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global crisis, however, relatively little is known regarding its impact in chronic respiratory disease and the specific challenges faced by healthcare workers across the world in this field. We aimed to assess global healthcare worker views on the challenges they face regarding AMR in chronic respiratory disease.

Methods: An online survey was sent to healthcare workers globally working in chronic respiratory disease through a European Respiratory Society clinical research collaboration (AMR-Lung) focussed on AMR in chronic lung disease.

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Bronchiectasis is a well-recognized chronic respiratory disease characterized by a productive cough and multi-microbial activation syndrome (MMAS) of various respiratory infections due to what can be the permanent dilatation of the bronchi. Bronchiectasis represents an ongoing challenge to conventional antibiotic treatment as the damaged bronchial environment remains conducive to ongoing opportunistic infections and microbial mutations, leading to multi-drug resistance. Standard treatment guidelines are designed to promptly identify and address the primary infection.

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